Milady Chemical Texture Services-Chemical Textured Services

no-base relaxers

Hydroxide relaxers that do not require the application of a protective base are:

disulfide bonds

Chemical side bonds formed when two sulfur-type chains are joined together

wrapping method

In permanent waving, the shape and type of curl are determined by the shape and type of rod and the:

0 to 14

The range of numbers used in the pH scale is:

metal hydroxide relaxers

Relaxers that contain only one component and are used without mixing are:

bricklay permanent wrap

Base sections are offset from each other row by row, to prevent noticeable splits, in which wrapping pattern?

hydroxide

The difference in the strength of most chemical hair relaxers is determined by the concentration of:

overprocessed

Hair that has too many disulfide bonds broken and will not hold a firm curl is considered:

lye relaxers

Sodium hydroxide relaxers are commonly called:

bookend wrap

What kind of wrap uses one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope?

glyceryl monothioglycolate

The main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions is:

panels

All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into:

Cuticle

Tough exterior layer of the hair

Amino acid

Compound made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen nitrogen, and sulfur

Acid-balanced waves

Permanent waves that have a 7.0 or neutral pH

circle rod

Loop rod

Keratin proteins

Long, coiled polypeptide chains

spiral perm wrap

Hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod

Concave rod

Most common type of perm rod

Basic permanent wrap

Also known as a straight set wrap

double flat wrap

The wrapping technique that provides the most control over hair ends is the:

highly alkaline

In the restructuring process, coarse, resistant hair with a strong compact cuticle requires a chemical solution that is:

ammonium thioglycolate

The active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves is:

stress and tension on hair

Caution should be used with on-base rod placement to avoid additional:

normalizing lotion

Conditioner with an acidic pH that restores the hair's natural pH after a hydroxide relaxer is:

abrasions

Chemical services should not be performed if the scalp analysis shows any signs of:

base sections

In permanent waving, panels of hair are divided into smaller subsections called:

ends to scalp

In the croquignole method of wrapping, the hair is wound from:

hydrogen peroxide

The most common neutralizer is

weave technique

uses zigzag partings to divide base areas.

thio relaxers

Hair that is treated with hydroxide relaxers must not be treated with:

hold a curl

Hair that has been treated with a hydroxide relaxer is unfit for permanent waving and will not

strength and elasticity

The cortex layer of the hair structure is responsible for the hair's

croquignole and spiral

The two methods of wrapping the hair around a perm rod are:

base direction

The angle at which a permanent wave rod is positioned on the head is referred to as:

Keratin straightening treatments work by

fixing the keratin in place in a semipermanent manner; they do not break bonds

changes in pH

Hydrogen bonds can be broken by water, whereas salt bonds are broken by

soft curl permanent

A combination of a thio relaxer and a thio permanent wrapped on large rods is a:

thio relaxer with flat ironing

Japanese thermal straightening combines use of a

minimizes

Half off-base placement ___ stress and tension on the hair

potassium hydroxide relaxers

Relaxers are often marketed and sold as no mix-no lye relaxers are:

activator

All acid waves have three components consisting of the permanent waving lotion, neutralizer, and:

lanthionine bond

Hydroxide relaxers remove a sulfur atom from a disulfide bond, converting it into a(n):

Chemical hair texturizers temporarily raise the pH of the hair in order to

soften and swell the shaft

cold waves

Alkaline waves are also known as

dried

Hydrogen bonds are easily broken by water or heat and are re-formed when the hair is:

thioglycolic acids

The most common reducing agents used are:

9.0 and 9.6

Most alkaline permanent waves have a pH between

guanidine hydroxide relaxers

Relaxers that contain two components and must be mixed immediately prior to use are

processing

Exothermic waves create a chemical reaction that heats the waving solution and speeds up:

endothermic

Waves that are activated from an outside heat source are considered:

insufficiently relaxed

During a relaxer strand test, hair that is pressed to the scalp and continues to curl is:

7.8 and 8.2

Most acid waves used in salons have a pH value between:

the size of the curl

In permanent waving, the size of the rod determines

hydrogen

In permanent waving, the reduction reaction is due to the addition of:

thio neutralization

The process that stops the action of permanent wave solution and rebuilds the hair into its new form is:

potential hydrogen

The term pH is an abbreviation used for

straight rods

Rods that are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area are:

concentration of its reducing agent

The strength of any permanent wave is based on the

hydrogen ion

The active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers is the:

piggyback wrap

The double-rod wrap technique is also called the:

scalp area

The application for chemical relaxers should be started in the most resistant area, usually the:

chemical texture services

The process of chemically altering the natural wave pattern of hair is:

chemical hair relaxing

The process of rearranging the basic structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form is:

reduction

Once in the cortex, the waving solution breaks the disulfide bonds through a chemical reaction called:

Thio-free

What kind of waves use an ingredient other than ATG, such as cysteamine or mercaptamine.