History and Principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

What event marked the first use of atomic bombs in warfare?

The bombing of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945 and Nagasaki on 9 August 1945.

When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) adopted?

The UDHR was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 10, 1948.

What historical events led to the adoption of the UDHR?

The atrocities of World War II, including the Holocaust, and the establishment of the League of Nations and the United Nations.

What was the role of the League of Nations in human rights?

The League of Nations established the first international human rights body, the Permanent Mandates Commission.

Who chaired the Commission on Human Rights that drafted the UDHR?

Eleanor Roosevelt, former First Lady of the United States.

What is the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)?

The main UN body responsible for promoting and protecting human rights globally.

What is the function of the UN Human Rights Council (HRC)?

An intergovernmental body overseeing global human rights issues and reviewing violations.

What are Treaty Bodies in the context of human rights?

Committees of independent experts monitoring states' compliance with international human rights treaties.

What are Special Procedures in the UN human rights framework?

Independent human rights experts appointed by the HRC to investigate violations and make recommendations.

What is the purpose of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR)?

To regularly review every UN member state's human rights record and assess progress and challenges.

What does the International Criminal Court (ICC) do?

It prosecutes individuals for genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.

What does Article 1 of the UDHR state?

All humans are born free and equal in dignity and rights.

What does Article 3 of the UDHR guarantee?

Everyone has the right to life, liberty, and personal security.

What is prohibited by Article 4 of the UDHR?

Slavery and the slave trade in all forms.

What right is protected by Article 5 of the UDHR?

No one shall be subjected to torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment.

What does Article 7 of the UDHR state about equality?

All are equal before the law and entitled to equal protection without discrimination.

What does Article 10 of the UDHR ensure?

Everyone is entitled to a fair and public trial by an independent and impartial court.

What does Article 19 of the UDHR protect?

Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression through any media.

What does Article 26 of the UDHR guarantee?

Everyone has the right to education; elementary education should be free and compulsory.

What does Article 30 of the UDHR state?

No one has the right to use this Declaration to destroy the rights and freedoms it protects.

What controversial essay did Bill Joy write in 2000?

He wrote 'Why the future does not need us,' discussing the threats posed by powerful 21st-century technologies.