Unit 2 Review: Prehistoric American Indians & European Exploration

Horticulture

*The ability to control one's food source.
*Collecting and replanting seeds, especially maize

"Gift of time"

Horticulture gave this to Mississippian Indians because it allowed them to spend less time spent hunting and gathering for food

Hernando DeSoto

*Spanish Explorer
*Searched for gold
*First European in what is now Georgia

MAIN Goal of the Spanish Missions

Spread Catholicism to the Mississippian Indians

England's Economic Motive for Exploration

*Wanted to achieve MERCANTILISM (export more than import)
*Lacked raw materials
*Exploration = find raw materials to bring back to England
*Use raw materials to produce finished goods for export

Spain's motives for exploring of the New World

God, Glory, Gold

Negative impact of DeSoto's Expedition on Native Americans

Many Native Americans died because of European diseases and DeSoto's weapons

Mercantilism

A trade policy that motivated England to colonize he New World; export more than you import to gain POWER!

St. Augustine

*First permanent settlement in the New World
*Established by the Spanish

Mississippian

The Prehistoric Indians who lived in the New World when Europeans first arrived

Horticulture Impacts

*Chiefdom societies
*Permanent settlements
*Defenses
*Jewelry
*Pottery
*Lacrosse-like games
*Temple Mounds
*Religious beliefs/ceremonies

Additional reason for the Spanish Missions

*Spread Spanish customs/culture
*Forced labor

England's motives for exploring the New World

*Mercantilism/economics
*Religious freedom (Catholics vs. Protestants)
*New opportunities for men without "titles" to achieve success

Jamestown

The first permanent English settlement in North America

Spanish Missions

*Located on Georgia's barrier islands
*Included a church, a house, and a priest

Positive impact of DeSoto on the Native Americans

His men kept written journals provided information about the Mississippians.

Palisades

Used by Mississippians to protect their villages

Temple Mounds

Used by Mississippian Indians for religious ceremonies

DeSoto's main motive for exploring the New World

Finding gold