Chapter 01 — Why Data Structures Matter
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Last updated 3:01 PM on 8/28/26
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13 Terms
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Data structure
A way to organize data so operations can be performed efficiently
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Array
An ordered list of values stored by index
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Index
The position of a value in an array, usually starting at 0
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Read from array
O(1), because the computer can jump directly to an index
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Search array
O(N), because values may need to be checked one by one
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Insert at end of array
O(1), if no shifting is needed
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Insert at beginning of array
O(N), because existing values must shift right
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Delete at end of array
O(1), because no shifting is needed
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Delete at beginning of array
O(N), because remaining values must shift left
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Set
A data structure that does not allow duplicate values
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Array vs set
Arrays allow duplicates; sets prevent duplicates
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Set insertion
Slower than array insertion because the set must check for duplicates first
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Main OA clue
Know read, search, insert, and delete step counts for arrays and se