(5.10-5.11) Selective breeding: plants + animals

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6 Terms

1
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What is selective breeding?

the breeding of organisms with desired characteristics

(and the breeding of their offspring which posses the desired characteristics)

over many generations

2
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Why are plants selectively bred?

  • disease resistance

  • increased yield

  • tolerance weather + climate conditions

  • better tasting fruits

3
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What is the main downside of selective breeding?

inbreeding →

reduced gene pool + decreased variation →

reduced no. of alleles in a population →

increased chance of genetic defects

+

lowered chance of immunity

as disease resistant alleles not introduced

4
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Why are animals selectively bred?

  • more milk/meat (cows, goats)

  • larger eggs (chickens)

  • domestic dogs for jobs

  • wool (sheep)

  • speed (horses)

5
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What are the differences between artificial selection and natural selection?

  • AS only happens with human intervention

  • AS leads to populations with features that are useful for humans but not necessarily good for survival

  • AS is faster

6
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Why don’t all offspring of a selectively bred pair show the desired characteristics?

reproduction is a random process

the desired phenotype may be recessive