Chemistry electrolysis of aqueous solutions practical

Materials needed

• Beakers

• Graphite rods (inert electrodes)

• Power supply

• Connecting wires

• Test tubes (for collecting gases)

Electrolytes being tested

• Sodium chloride solution

• Dilute sulfuric acid

• Copper(II) sulfate solution

Electrolysis Setup:

• Fill three beakers with the respective electrolytes: sodium chloride solution, dilute sulfuric acid, and copper(II) sulfate solution.

• Place the beakers on a non-conductive surface.

• Insert two graphite rods into each beaker, ensuring they do not touch each other.

• Connect the graphite rods to the power supply using connecting wires.

• turn on the power supply and allow the electrolysis to proceed for a few minutes.

• Observe the reactions at both the cathode (negative electrode) and anode (positive electrode).

Electrolysis of Sodium Chloride Solution

• At the Cathode: Hydrogen gas (H₂) is produced, forming bubbles.

• At the Anode: Chlorine gas (Cl₂) is produced, evident by brown fumes.

Electrolysis of Dilute Sulfuric Acid

• At the Cathode: Hydrogen gas (H₂) is produced.

• At the Anode: Oxygen gas (O₂) is produced.

Electrolysis of Copper(II) Sulfate Solution

• At the Cathode: Copper metal (Cu) is deposited, forming a reddish-brown coating.

• At the Anode: Oxygen gas (O₂) is produced.

Safety Precautions

• Wear safety goggles and gloves to protect against splashes.

• Ensure the power supply is set to a safe voltage.

• Handle acids with care, following appropriate safety protocols.