Dynamics - Rutgers Final Test

Only important terms that I may forget

During the nineteenth century (i.e., 1800s), what was the most common cause of death?

Illness due to infectious agents

By the late 1940s, which two diseases accounted for nearly half of all deaths?

Heart disease and cancer

Reasons for the plateau in life expectancy between 2013 and 2017? (3)

Unintentional injuries, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Chronic liver disease

What percentage of bankruptcies are caused by medical debt?

2/3 (67%)

Social determinants of health (SDOH)

The conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age

Which federal agency is the most important agency that is concerned with health affairs in the United States?

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

What provides the largest, most comprehensive safety net in the U.S.?

Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs)

What would be favored by a value-based reimbursement system?

Reduced reimbursements for hospitals with high readmission rates.

Why does Medicaid typically have more variability in coverage than Medicare?

Medicaid is administered by state governments

What is the nation’s largest health program?

Medicaid

What major social event led to the introduction of health insurance in the U.S.?

The Great Depression

Which law established Medicare and Medicaid for the first time?

The Social Security Act of 1965 (i.e, Amendments)

How did Blue Cross develop?

Community hospitals joined together to offer prepaid hospital plans

How did Blue Shield develop?

Physicians joined together to offer prepaid medical plans.

Strokes that cause paralysis on one side of the body

Hemiplegia

The part of Medicare that covers outpatient care

Part B

Part of Medicare that allows private companies to offer health insurance to Medicare beneficiaries

Part C

Which public health insurance program covers the cost of long-term services and supports? (LTSS)

Medicaid

Approximately how much does a skilled nursing facility cost on a monthly basis?

$10,000

New sources of health insurance introduced by the ACA

- An expansion of Medicaid
- Health Insurance Marketplace
- Allowing young adults to remain on parent’s policy until age 26

Accountable Care Organization (ACO)

A group of healthcare practitioners that contracts with an insurance company to provide healthcare

Diseases targeted by the hospital readmission reduction program

stroke

Diseases targeted by the Hospital Readmission Reduction program (HRRP)

Heart attack, heart failure, pneumonia

In what ways did Republicans attack the ACA during President Trump’s first term?

Executive order, lawsuits, deliberate underfunding of ACA

What was the outcome of the lawsuit challenging the ACA’s individual mandate (IM) and Medicaid expansion (ME) clauses?

Individual mandate upheld, Medicaid expansion unconstitutional

Examples of Health IT

Infrastructure, administrative functions, clinical functions