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A vocabulary set covering key terms, concepts, and definitions from the provided Occupational Safety & Health lecture notes.
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Occupational Safety
Rules and regulations designed to ensure employee health and safety at work.
Imminent Danger
A workplace event or condition with a reasonable chance of causing death or severe injury.
Workplace
Any location an employee must go for work that is under employer control, directly or indirectly.
Certified First-Aider
Person trained and certified in first aid by the Philippine Red Cross or another DOLE-approved organization.
Safety and Health Committee
Workplace body that oversees, examines, and addresses all employee health and safety aspects.
High-Risk Establishment
Work setting with moderate to high likelihood of accidents, illnesses, or significant safety exposures.
Low-Risk Establishment
Workplace with minimal exposure to health and safety risks unlikely to cause harm.
Safety Officer
Individual who monitors and inspects workplace health and safety issues.
Accident
Unplanned, unwanted event that may result in harm, loss, or death.
Accident Causation
Underlying reasons or factors that lead to an accident.
Heinrich Domino Model
Theory stating accidents result from a chain of events; removing the unsafe act/mechanical hazard prevents injury.
Unsafe / Unhealthy Acts
Worker behaviors that deviate from safety standards, raising the likelihood of incidents.
Unsafe / Unhealthy Conditions
Hazardous physical or chemical characteristics of materials, machines, or environments.
5S
Lean workplace method: Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke.
Seiri (Sort)
Eliminate unnecessary items by separating needed from unneeded materials.
Seiton (Set in order)
Arrange and label remaining items for easy use and retrieval.
Seiso (Shine)
Clean the work area through systematic housekeeping.
Seiketsu (Standardize)
Schedule regular cleaning and maintenance; perform 3S daily.
Shitsuke (Sustain)
Make 5S a habit through discipline and continuous practice.
High-Risk Activity
Task that can seriously endanger health or safety if not done correctly.
High-Risk Industry
Industry where accidents, injuries, or environmental damage are frequent due to operational nature.
Hazard Identification
Process of determining potential hazards an organization could encounter.
Risk Assessment
Evaluating possible effects of each identified hazard.
Risk Mitigation
Steps taken to address a hazard’s root cause and track effectiveness.
Housekeeping (OSH)
Routine cleaning/maintenance that reduces injuries, flammables, and promotes health.
Material Handling and Storage
Movement, storage, and control of materials during manufacture, transport, use, and disposal.
Manual Handling
Using bodily force to lift, move, or support a load.
Mechanical Handling
Utilizing equipment to transport, load, or unload materials.
Ergonomic Hazard
Risk of muscle strain or injury from improper lifting or repetitive tasks.
Equipment Accident
Injury resulting from poorly maintained or improperly used machinery.
Falling Object Hazard
Risk arising when items drop due to improper stacking or storage.
Collapsing Rack Hazard
Injury risk from overloaded or poorly maintained storage racks.
Blocked Aisle / Exit
Obstructed pathway that poses safety risk during evacuation.
Chemical Hazard (Storage)
Risks of spills, leaks, or reactions from improper chemical storage.
Pest Infestation Risk
Contamination and health issues caused by poor maintenance attracting pests.
Electrical Hazard (Storage)
Fire or shock danger from storing materials near electrical panels or wiring.
Machine Safety
Policies and measures to reduce risks when operating workplace machinery.
Mechanical Hazard
Potential severe injury/fatality when machinery is improperly handled.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Median-nerve compression in wrist causing pain, numbness, tingling.
Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS)
Finger numbness, pain, and grip weakness from prolonged vibration exposure.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Barrier that reduces exposure to mechanical, electrical, chemical, or physical hazards.
Head Protection
Hard hats or bump caps guarding against impact or falling objects.
Eye & Face Protection
Safety goggles or face shields preventing debris or chemical splashes.
Hearing Protection
Earplugs or earmuffs that reduce noise exposure.
Respiratory Protection
Masks or respirators that filter harmful airborne contaminants.
Hand Protection
Gloves designed to guard against cuts, chemicals, or heat.
Body Protection
Coveralls, high-visibility clothing shielding torso from hazards.
Foot Protection
Safety shoes or steel-toe boots preventing foot injuries.
Fall Protection Equipment
Harnesses or lanyards designed to arrest falls from height.
Chemical Protective Gear
HAZMAT suits or aprons shielding against hazardous substances.
Hazard Analysis
Systematic evaluation of workplace hazards to prioritize controls.
Reactive Methodology
Identifies hazards by analyzing past incidents.
Proactive Methodology
Seeks hazards through audits before incidents occur.
Predictive Methodology
Uses data trends to foresee and prevent future hazards.
Lockout/Tagout (LOTO)
Procedure preventing accidental machine startup or energy release.
Lock (LOTO)
Device that physically prevents equipment energization.
Tag (LOTO)
Warning label advising workers not to use the machine.
Lock Hasp
Hardware allowing multiple locks on a single energy-isolating device.
Mechanical Energy
Energy in gears or moving parts that can crush or entangle.
Electrical Energy
Live current capable of causing shock, burns, or electrocution.
Pneumatic Energy
Compressed air/gas that may release sudden force.
Thermal Energy
Heat or extreme cold posing burn or frostbite hazards.
Hydraulic Energy
Pressurized fluid power that can move suddenly and trap workers.
Chemical Energy (LOTO)
Potentially explosive or reactive substances needing safe isolation.
Confined Space
Area with limited entry/exit not intended for continuous occupancy.
Authorized Entrant
Worker permitted to perform tasks inside a confined space.
Authorized Attendant
Person outside confined space who monitors entrant safety.
Oxygen Deficiency
Low oxygen level hazard common in confined spaces.
Toxic Gas Hazard
Presence of poisonous gases posing inhalation risk.
Engulfment Hazard
Risk of being trapped by loose materials like grain or sand.
Basic Electricity Safety
Guidelines to prevent injury from electrical hazards.
Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI)
Fast-acting breaker that shuts power during a ground fault.
Fire Safety
Practices aimed at preventing, detecting, and responding to uncontrolled fires.
Fire Hazard
Action, material, or condition with potential to start an uncontrolled fire.
Class A Fire
Blaze involving ordinary combustibles: wood, paper, cloth.
Class B Fire
Fire fueled by flammable liquids like grease, oil, paint.
Class C Fire
Fire involving live electrical equipment.
Class D Fire
Combustible metal fire, e.g., magnesium or aluminum.
Class K Fire
Fire from cooking oils or fats in commercial kitchens.
Fire Code of the Philippines (RA 9514)
Regulation implemented by BFP to prevent and suppress fires.
Guardrail System
Barrier preventing workers from falling at exposed edges.
Safety Net
Mesh system that catches or limits fall distance.
Personal Fall Arrest System
Equipment that stops a worker’s fall before ground impact.
Barricade
Temporary barrier controlling or restricting access to an area.
Soft Barricade
Flexible barrier like cones, tape, or mesh.
Solid Barricade
Rigid, semi-permanent barrier made of wood, metal, or concrete.
Scaffold
Temporary elevated platform supporting workers and materials.
Supported Scaffold
Platform held by load-bearing legs, poles, or frames.
Suspended Scaffold
Platform hung by ropes from overhead structure.
Rolling Scaffold
Supported scaffold mounted on wheels for mobility.
Cantilever Scaffold
Scaffold supported on one side for work along building edges.
Industrial Hygiene
Science of protecting and enhancing worker health through hazard control.
Environmental Hazard
Airborne contaminants like dust, fumes, vapors in the workplace.
Chemical Hazard (IH)
Risk from gases, liquids, dusts, mists, or fumes.
Physical Hazard
Heat, noise, radiation, or vibration threatening worker health.
Ergonomic Hazard (IH)
Work conditions causing musculoskeletal strain or discomfort.
Hierarchy of Controls
Elimination, Substitution, Engineering, Administrative, PPE (priority order).
Hazard Communication
System for classifying and conveying chemical hazards to employees.
Globally Harmonized System (GHS)
International standard for chemical classification and labeling.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Document providing detailed information on chemical hazards and handling.