Philippine History and Governance Flashcards

Flashcards covering key concepts in Philippine History and Governance based on lecture notes.

Kartilya ng Katipunan

Moral and ethical guide for Katipunan members, promoting equality, patriotism, and integrity.

Biak-na-Bato Pact (1897)

A pact with Spain that did not grant full Philippine independence.

Malolos Constitution (1899)

First constitution of the First Philippine Republic.

Jones Act of 1916

Promised eventual Philippine independence upon establishing a stable democratic government.

1943 Constitution

Drafted under Japanese occupation and ratified by KALIBAPI (collaborators).

July 4, 1946

Official date of Philippine Independence granted by the US.

Corazon Aquino's reason for US alliance

To promote democracy and seek support against authoritarian rule post-Marcos era.

Rizal's Retraction

Alleged retraction of anti-Catholic views and rejoining the Church before execution (debated by historians).

1935 Constitution

Constitution during the Commonwealth era.

1973 Constitution

Allowed Marcos to rule by decree until 1978; created a parliamentary system.

Martial Law Reason

Cited communist insurgency and national security.

People Power Revolution trigger

Benigno Aquino Sr.'s assassination and fraudulent snap elections.

1987 Constitution

Modeled after the American Constitution; established three branches: Executive, Legislative (bicameral), Judiciary.

Martial Law duration (1987 Constitution)

Limited to 60 days.

Appointment of Chief Justice (1987 Constitution)

Appointed by the President from a list of nominees.

Republic Act No. 6657 (1988)

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law under President Cory Aquino.

Principle of Equity (Taxation)

Taxation must be proportionate to the taxpayer's ability to pay.

RA 10066

National Cultural Heritage Act

Penalties for violating RA 10066

Fine of at least 200,000 or 10 years imprisonment, or both.

Important Cultural Properties

Art, literature, archaeological items, structures over 50 years old.

NHCP

National Historical Commission of the Philippines

Criteria for Historical Sites

Linked to historical events, associated with national heroes, reflect foreign influences.

Indios

Term for native Filipinos under Spanish rule.

Positivism

Focuses on factual, evidence-based historical analysis