Inorganic chemistry Final Exam - everything :)

NO

Nitrosyl

CO

Carbonyl

NH3

ammine

NH2NH3+

hydrazinium

OXIDE

-2

(SO4)-2

-2 CHARGE

SCN

-1 charge

NCS

-1 charge

C2O4-2(oxalate)

-2 charge

CH3COO- Acetate

-1 charge

o-2-2-

peroxo

CH2NH3

Methylene amine

O2

Dioxygen

C5H5N

PYRIDINE

As(C6H5)3

triphenylarsine

Y(2)(SO4)3

Yttrium (III) Sulfate

I-

Iodo

OSO32-

Sulfato

ONO

Nitrito

SCN-

Thiocyanato

NCS-

isothiocyanato

what do the group 16 chalogens consist of

oxygen, sulfur , seleniun, tellurium and polonium

in group 16, the higher oxidation states are more _ down the group

stable

why does oxygen prefer to form discrete molecules whereas heavier group 16 elements often form chains ?

pi bonding is less favorable down the group, it is more energetically favourable to form single bonds

electron configuration for group 16 elements?:

[X]nS2nP4 and it requires two more electrons to satisfy the configuration of a noble gas

which group has an Exception to ionization energy trends

Group 16 elements are exceptions to ionization energy trends across periods.

Oxygen's higher 2nd ionization energy

Oxygen has a higher second ionization energy compared to fluorine, contrary to general trends.

is sulfur a metal or non metal

nonmetal

crystal structure of sulfur

Sulfur exhibits orthorhombic and monocyclic crystal structures (see image).

what were the coating materials that sulfur can be coated with in batteries

inorganic oxides, polymer layers using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma technology under atmospheric conditions.

how does a lithium sulfur battery work

solid lithium anode (-) and the lithium detaches from the metal to the cathode (+) and then travels back to the anode and causes charge discharge. (this goes back and forth )

why are lithium sulfur batteries not the best?

lithium likes to bond to different elements, thats why it bonds to electrolights making battery working less

what are group 14 family

Carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, and lead

is carbon a non-metal , metal, or metalloid

non-metal

are silicon and germanium metals, nonmetals or metalloids?

metalloids

is tin and lead a metal, non metal, or metalloid

metals

bismith applications

1) It is used in the treatment of ulcers

2) role in cancer treatment

3) additive in X-ray radiation shielding materials

n Cancer treatment and
suppression of SARS-CoV-2

Germanium applications

1) solar energy conversion

2) anode material in lithium batteries

3) manufacturing alloys

4) radiation detection

why is germanium good for anode? what are the side effects?

has a high conductivity and good diffusion rate . Due to volume expansion it cracks, and unstable formation of solid electrolyte interpahse

what is the solution towards germanium batteries

use a stable carbon source and mix Ge nanpparticles with carbon nanotubes

what increase crystallinity of carbon+layer of carbon coating on Ge surface, increase conductivity and stabalizes solid electrolyte interphase?

Germanium

are are tin applications?

1) prevents corrosion on metals

2) soldering

3) flame retardant

4) reducing agent for aromatic nitro groups

who discovered amorphous solid of silicon

Jons Jacobs Berzelius

the crystalline silicon was discovered by who 1824

Jöns Jacob Berzelius,

is sillicon a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid?

metalloid

what crystal structure does silicon have?

diamond structure

lead applications

1) lead monooxide is good for technology

2) PbO has a high votality at low temps

3) N-type semi conductor tin oxide has tetragonal rutile structure

4) the interfacial layer created stops carriers from metal- semiconductor junction from penetrating semiconductor surface

xiHde

Heterojunction of Stannic Oxide and Lead Monoxide

meeting point where these two different semiconductor materials come together. Its a border where their unique properties interact and create effects, understanding this is important for energy devices and electronics

what are group 1 metals more commonly found with?

halides, oxides and complex anions

what group have the lowest ionization energy in each period that they belong to?

group 1 elements

who discovered lithium

Sir humphrey Davy and William thomas brande

what is the 33rd most abundant element in earths crust (0.002%) , does it occur freely?

lithium , no

what is lithium used in?

electric cards and smartphones and used to treat bipolar disorder

Organolithium reagents research article summary

used in alkyl lithium compounds, and Gilman Reagents

and they are used in reagents to add or substitute imines

organolithium substitues a hydride for what group

alkyl group

most abundant element on earth

Sodium

who discovered sodium

Sir humphry davys

why is sodium important

they act as catalyst for the synthesis of ammonia

the ability of metals in alloys to dissociate is due to what

their high electron donation capability

who discovered cesium

robert bunson

uses of cesium?

Heavy congeners: organometallics such as cesium

who discovered potasium

SIR humphrey Davy in 1807

what are considered a viable alternative option for lithium batteries?

potassium batteries

potassium is also known as

kalium

what was proposed as a heat- transfer coolant for some nuclear reactors?

sodium potassium

why are nobel gases important

strong oxidizing agents, full octect

who discovered neon

Sir william Ramsay and Morris Travers

what beams manipulate rapid tumor reoxygenation in syngenic mouse models?

Neon ion

what investigates the use of charged particle beams composed of _ ions for biomed app

neon

argon uses

production of titanium and reactive elements , abundant in the atmosphere

gas storage in solid materials

element most rate in earth atmosphere

krypton

applications of krypton?

ground water dating

who made xenon?

William Ramsay and Morris Travers

9 stable isotopes, rare “xenos” and monoatomic

xenon

xenon applications?

separation of xenon from nobel gas mitures of Argon, Krypton, and Xenon using hydrate tech. can be used to separate nobel gases

distilation colum did what in terms of separation of xenon from nobel gas mixtures?

increase product concentration