Basics of Indian Knowledge System Flashcards

Flashcards covering ancient and medieval Indian town planning, water management, tourism heritage, and traditional crafts based on the lecture transcript.

The ancient cities of __________ and Harappa in the Indus Valley Civilization are known for their well-organized urban planning and grid-based layouts.

Mohenjo-daro

During the colonial era, British architects Edwin Lutyens and __________ designed New Delhi to reflect imperial planning ideologies.

Herbert Baker

The __________ Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992 mandated decentralization and local self-governance in Indian urban planning.

74th

The earliest known urban planning in India occurred during the Indus Valley Civilization between the years __________ BCE and __________ BCE.

$$2600-1900$$

Under the Mauryan Empire, the city of __________ was developed with distinct residential, commercial, and administrative sectors.

Pataliputra

The __________ type of ancient town plan described in the Manasara Shilpa-Shastra features streets that cross at right angles with village offices located in the east.

Dandaka

In the __________ type of town planning, the layout follows the form of a flower and is generally adopted for sites with $3000-4000$ houses.

Nandyavarta

A town plan resembling the petals of a lotus radiating from the center is known as __________.

Padmaka

The __________ town plan is characterized by a site shaped like a bow, semi-circular, or parabolic, often used for coastal or riverbank towns.

Karmuka

The __________ at Mohenjo-daro is a prime example of ancient Indian water management used for practical and ceremonial purposes.

Great Bath

In Vedic literature, the god __________ was often appeased through rituals to ensure a bountiful harvest and water supply.

Varuna

The __________ Lake at Girnar in Gujarat is a famous example of Mauryan hydraulic engineering designed for water storage and regulation.

Sudarshan

A distinctive feature of Gupta-era architecture for accessing groundwater is the multi-story well known as a __________ or baoli.

stepwell

The __________ built by Chola kings in southern India remains one of the oldest sophisticated irrigation systems still in use today.

Grand Anicut

A water-lifting device used in ancient India that was later adapted from the Persian wheel is known as a __________.

rehat

The concept of visiting sacred sites, known as __________, was a primary form of early tourism in ancient India.

tirthas

The transition from a nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyle to permanent settlements occurred during the __________ Revolution.

Agricultural

The __________ was a network of trade routes connecting China to the Mediterranean, facilitating the exchange of goods and culture.

Silk Road

The __________ is a Hindu pilgrimage gathering held every $12$ years, rotating between Haridwar, Prayagraj, Nashik, and Ujjain.

Kumbh Mela

The mandatory Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca that must be carried out at least once in a lifetime is called the __________.

Hajj

Intricate wooden doors and sculptures depicting mythological stories were a hallmark of __________ architecture.

Hoysala

The __________ Temple at Ellora is a remarkable rock-cut monument dedicated to Shiva and carved from a single rock.

Kailasanatha

Prehistoric rock shelters at __________ contain early examples of Indian paintings depicting animals and hunting scenes.

Bhimbetka

The __________ technique is a casting method used by ancient Indian artisans to create detailed bronze sculptures using a wax model.

lost-wax

Varanasi became world-renowned for its __________ silk textiles decorated with gold and silver threads.

brocade

The famous bronze statuette from the Indus Valley Civilization demonstrating advanced metalworking is known as the __________.

Dancing Girl of Mohenjo-Daro