APAH Unit 2 Study Guide

What is this artifact called?

White Temple and Ziggurat

What is a ziggurat?

The ziggurat upholds the temple

What is the culture for the White Temple and Ziggurat?

It is Sumarian

What are the materials that were used to make the white temple and ziggurat?

Mud Brick

What is the location for the White Temple and Ziggurat?

Uruk (modern warka, Iraq)

What is the size of the temple AND the ziggurat?

Temple: 57’ x 72’ and the Ziggurat is 40’ high

What is the date for the White Temple and Ziggurat?

C. 3500-3000

What does facade mean?

The front

What does flank mean?

Sides of an art piece

What is Ashlar Masonry?

A building made with no mortar

What was the White Temple and Ziggurat used for?

It was used for religious functions/rituals

-they called it the “waiting room”

What is something that you can say about the facades for the White Temple and Ziggurat?

The facades are very LAYERED

What was the white Temple and Ziggurat built to?

It was built to the points of a compass => to know when sunrise and sunset is

What is this artifact called?

The Palette of King Narmer (back is on the left and the front is on the right)

What is the culture for the palette of king Narmer?

Predynastic Egypt

What are the materials used to make the palette of king Narmer?

Greywacke

What is the size of the palette of king Narmer?

25in x 16in

What is the date for the palette of King Narmer?

C. 3000- 2920 BCE

What is a common ground line?

It is a line representing the ground level on which figures appear to stand

How many registers are there for the palette of king Narmer?

There are 3 registers

What is the purpose of the goddess Hathor?

Supposed to protect Narmer

Is the palette of King Narmer prehsitoric?

It is NOT prehistoric

What is happening in the palette of king Narmer?

-winner of a battle

-looks more organized

What do you notice about the feet in the palette of king Narmer?

The left foot is forward Indicating movement

What does composite viewpoint mean?

For humans and animals with human characteristics

Who used composite viewpoint?

Egyptians used composite viewpoint very often

What are hieroglyphics?

It was the writing system used in ancient Egypt

Want a more in depth analysis of the Palette of King Narmer

What is this artifact called?

They are called the Votive Figures from the Square Temple of Eshnuna

What is the culture for the Votive Figures for the Square Temple of Eshnuna

Sumerian

What is the materials used to make the Votive Figures from the Square Temple of Eshnuna

Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone

What is the location for the Votive Figures from the square temple of eshnuna

Eshnuna (modern day Tell Asmar, Iraq)

What is the size for the votive figures from the square temple at eshnuna

Ranges from 9” to 28”

What is the date for the Votive Figures from the Square Temple of Eshnuna

C. 2700 BCE

What does votive mean?

Votive means offering

Are there a lot or very few votive figures left in the world?

There are a lot of votive figures

Are the votive figures well preserved?

They are very well preserved

What are the votive figures of?

They are figures of people from any age and gender

What can you say about the clothing for the votive figures?

They are dressed very modest and they’re typical Sumerian clothing

What are the votive figures doing?

They are praying

What is the purpose of the votive figures?

They left the figures in the waiting room to pray 24/7 for that person

What is this artifact called?

Seated Scribe

What is the culture for the seated scribe?

It is the old kingdom, Ancient Egypt

What are the materials used to make the Seated Scribe

Painted Limestone

What is the location for the seated scribe?

Saqqara, Egypt

What is the size of the seated scribe

21”

What is the date for the seated scribe?

C. 2620-2500 BCE

Where was the seated scribe found?

He was found in the mastava

What is the seated scribe doing?

He looks like he is writing and he’s sitting cross legged and he’s staring straight ahead

How is the seated scribe made?

He is made very realistically not made in an ideal way

What was the purpose of a scribe from ancient Egypt?

In the old kingdom, he has an important job so he gets a statue, only the old kingdom

What is in the seated scribe lap?

He has a stylus and a tablet, showed he was doing his job (missing his stylus)

What is a mastava?

It is a tomb, small pyramid

What is this artifact called?

Standard of Ur form the Royal tombs at Ur (the top is the war side and the bottom pic is the peace side)

What is the culture for the standard of ur from they royal tombs at ur?

Sumerian

What are the materials used to make the Standard of Ur from the royal tombs at ur

Wood inlaid with shell lapis lazuli and red limestone

What is the location for the standard of Ur from the royal tombs at Ur

Ur (modern day Tell el-Muqayyar, Iraq)

What is the size for the standard of ur from the royal tombs at ur

19.5’

What is the date for the standard of ur from the royal tombs at ur

c. 2600 - 2400 BCE

Who found the standard of ur from the royal tombs at Ur

Archeologist Leonard Wooly found this work

How did the standard of ur from the royal tombs at ur gets its name?

It gots it’s name because archeologist Leonard wooly thought that it looked like a standard sign so its called the standard of Ur

What is happening in the standard of ur form the royal tombs at ur?

-The civilians have livestock and they’re brining it to offer to the king

-banqueting scene, musicians people enjoying themselves

-enemies are stripped and presented to the king to make them feel humiliated and vulnerable

What does sacred kingship mean?

Divine right to rule

What are these artifacts called?

Great Pyramids (left to right: khafre, Khufu, menkaura

What is the culture for the great pyramids?

Old kingdom

What materials are used to make the great pyramids

Cut limestone

What is the location for the great pyramids?

Giza, egypt

What is the size for the great pyramids?

Khufu: 775 ft per length on the base, 13 acres, 450 ft in height, used to be 480

What is the date for the great pyramids?

c. 2550 -2490 BCE

Which kingdom stopped doing pyramids?

The middle kingdom

Which pyramid is the biggest and oldest?

Khufu: 2.3 million stones, 2 tons each

What are the pyramids aligned with?

The compass

who protects the Great Pyrmaids today?

Unesco heritage sight

What form was used to make the great pyramids?

Ashlar masonry

What is this artifact called?

Great Sphinx

What is the culture for the great sphinx?

Old kingdom, ancient egypt

What are the materials used to make the great sphinx?

Cut limestone

What is the location for the great sphinx?

Giza, Egypt

What is the size for the great sphinx?

240 ft long, and 66 ft wide

What is the date for the great sphinx?

c. 2550 2490 BCE

What happened to the Great Sphinx’s nose?

Napoleon’s army shot the nose off during target practice

What is the Great Sphinx next to?

It is in front of khafre’s tomb

-there’s a tunnel from the sphinx to the pyramids

What is the face of on the great sphinx?

It’s of khafre

-khafre is also called centhron

What is the great sphinx? (Hint: he’s has the body of a … and the head of a….)

He has the body of a lion and the head of a human

What is this artifact?

King Menkaura and Queen

What is the culture for the King Menkaura and Queen

Old kingdom, ancient egypt

What materials are used to make King Menkaura and Queen?

Greywacke

What is the size for King Menkaura and Queen

4ft 6 in

What is the date for King Menkaura and Queen?

2490-2472 BCE

What is a subtractive sculpture?

Taking off pieces of material to create a sculpture

What can you say about the way that King Menkaura and Queen are standing?

-They are very stiff and rigid

-They are very symmetrical

What is King Menkaura holding in King Menkaura and Queen

He is dragging a plow => he’s gonna farm in the afterlife

Where was King Menkaura and Queen found?

He was found in his pyramid => they take them w/ them in the afterlife=>the La comes to take the pharaoh => the statue is for the ka to recognize the pharaoh => the memes is the headdress and the cobra is called the Uraeus, the beard in detachable

Why does king Menkaura and Queen have all the fancy stuff (like the nemes, uraeus, and the beard) on them?

ITS ALL ABOUT PERFORMANCE

What can you say about the placement of their feet in King Menkaura and Queen?

The left foot is foward

What can you say about their facial expressions and they way that they are standing in King Menkaura and Queen?

There is no emotion but there is affection

What is King Menkaura and Queen oftenly called

Cult Statues

What is this image called

The code of hammurabi

What is the culture for the code of the Hammurabi?

Babylonian

What can you say about the materials used to make the code of Hammurabi?

It is made with basalt