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What is this artifact called?
White Temple and Ziggurat
What is a ziggurat?
The ziggurat upholds the temple
What is the culture for the White Temple and Ziggurat?
It is Sumarian
What are the materials that were used to make the white temple and ziggurat?
Mud Brick
What is the location for the White Temple and Ziggurat?
Uruk (modern warka, Iraq)
What is the size of the temple AND the ziggurat?
Temple: 57’ x 72’ and the Ziggurat is 40’ high
What is the date for the White Temple and Ziggurat?
C. 3500-3000
What does facade mean?
The front
What does flank mean?
Sides of an art piece
What is Ashlar Masonry?
A building made with no mortar
What was the White Temple and Ziggurat used for?
It was used for religious functions/rituals
-they called it the “waiting room”
What is something that you can say about the facades for the White Temple and Ziggurat?
The facades are very LAYERED
What was the white Temple and Ziggurat built to?
It was built to the points of a compass => to know when sunrise and sunset is
What is this artifact called?
The Palette of King Narmer (back is on the left and the front is on the right)
What is the culture for the palette of king Narmer?
Predynastic Egypt
What are the materials used to make the palette of king Narmer?
Greywacke
What is the size of the palette of king Narmer?
25in x 16in
What is the date for the palette of King Narmer?
C. 3000- 2920 BCE
What is a common ground line?
It is a line representing the ground level on which figures appear to stand
How many registers are there for the palette of king Narmer?
There are 3 registers
What is the purpose of the goddess Hathor?
Supposed to protect Narmer
Is the palette of King Narmer prehsitoric?
It is NOT prehistoric
What is happening in the palette of king Narmer?
-winner of a battle
-looks more organized
What do you notice about the feet in the palette of king Narmer?
The left foot is forward Indicating movement
What does composite viewpoint mean?
For humans and animals with human characteristics
Who used composite viewpoint?
Egyptians used composite viewpoint very often
What are hieroglyphics?
It was the writing system used in ancient Egypt
Want a more in depth analysis of the Palette of King Narmer
What is this artifact called?
They are called the Votive Figures from the Square Temple of Eshnuna
What is the culture for the Votive Figures for the Square Temple of Eshnuna
Sumerian
What is the materials used to make the Votive Figures from the Square Temple of Eshnuna
Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone
What is the location for the Votive Figures from the square temple of eshnuna
Eshnuna (modern day Tell Asmar, Iraq)
What is the size for the votive figures from the square temple at eshnuna
Ranges from 9” to 28”
What is the date for the Votive Figures from the Square Temple of Eshnuna
C. 2700 BCE
What does votive mean?
Votive means offering
Are there a lot or very few votive figures left in the world?
There are a lot of votive figures
Are the votive figures well preserved?
They are very well preserved
What are the votive figures of?
They are figures of people from any age and gender
What can you say about the clothing for the votive figures?
They are dressed very modest and they’re typical Sumerian clothing
What are the votive figures doing?
They are praying
What is the purpose of the votive figures?
They left the figures in the waiting room to pray 24/7 for that person
What is this artifact called?
Seated Scribe
What is the culture for the seated scribe?
It is the old kingdom, Ancient Egypt
What are the materials used to make the Seated Scribe
Painted Limestone
What is the location for the seated scribe?
Saqqara, Egypt
What is the size of the seated scribe
21”
What is the date for the seated scribe?
C. 2620-2500 BCE
Where was the seated scribe found?
He was found in the mastava
What is the seated scribe doing?
He looks like he is writing and he’s sitting cross legged and he’s staring straight ahead
How is the seated scribe made?
He is made very realistically not made in an ideal way
What was the purpose of a scribe from ancient Egypt?
In the old kingdom, he has an important job so he gets a statue, only the old kingdom
What is in the seated scribe lap?
He has a stylus and a tablet, showed he was doing his job (missing his stylus)
What is a mastava?
It is a tomb, small pyramid
What is this artifact called?
Standard of Ur form the Royal tombs at Ur (the top is the war side and the bottom pic is the peace side)
What is the culture for the standard of ur from they royal tombs at ur?
Sumerian
What are the materials used to make the Standard of Ur from the royal tombs at ur
Wood inlaid with shell lapis lazuli and red limestone
What is the location for the standard of Ur from the royal tombs at Ur
Ur (modern day Tell el-Muqayyar, Iraq)
What is the size for the standard of ur from the royal tombs at ur
19.5’
What is the date for the standard of ur from the royal tombs at ur
c. 2600 - 2400 BCE
Who found the standard of ur from the royal tombs at Ur
Archeologist Leonard Wooly found this work
How did the standard of ur from the royal tombs at ur gets its name?
It gots it’s name because archeologist Leonard wooly thought that it looked like a standard sign so its called the standard of Ur
What is happening in the standard of ur form the royal tombs at ur?
-The civilians have livestock and they’re brining it to offer to the king
-banqueting scene, musicians people enjoying themselves
-enemies are stripped and presented to the king to make them feel humiliated and vulnerable
What does sacred kingship mean?
Divine right to rule
What are these artifacts called?
Great Pyramids (left to right: khafre, Khufu, menkaura
What is the culture for the great pyramids?
Old kingdom
What materials are used to make the great pyramids
Cut limestone
What is the location for the great pyramids?
Giza, egypt
What is the size for the great pyramids?
Khufu: 775 ft per length on the base, 13 acres, 450 ft in height, used to be 480
What is the date for the great pyramids?
c. 2550 -2490 BCE
Which kingdom stopped doing pyramids?
The middle kingdom
Which pyramid is the biggest and oldest?
Khufu: 2.3 million stones, 2 tons each
What are the pyramids aligned with?
The compass
who protects the Great Pyrmaids today?
Unesco heritage sight
What form was used to make the great pyramids?
Ashlar masonry
What is this artifact called?
Great Sphinx
What is the culture for the great sphinx?
Old kingdom, ancient egypt
What are the materials used to make the great sphinx?
Cut limestone
What is the location for the great sphinx?
Giza, Egypt
What is the size for the great sphinx?
240 ft long, and 66 ft wide
What is the date for the great sphinx?
c. 2550 2490 BCE
What happened to the Great Sphinx’s nose?
Napoleon’s army shot the nose off during target practice
What is the Great Sphinx next to?
It is in front of khafre’s tomb
-there’s a tunnel from the sphinx to the pyramids
What is the face of on the great sphinx?
It’s of khafre
-khafre is also called centhron
What is the great sphinx? (Hint: he’s has the body of a … and the head of a….)
He has the body of a lion and the head of a human
What is this artifact?
King Menkaura and Queen
What is the culture for the King Menkaura and Queen
Old kingdom, ancient egypt
What materials are used to make King Menkaura and Queen?
Greywacke
What is the size for King Menkaura and Queen
4ft 6 in
What is the date for King Menkaura and Queen?
2490-2472 BCE
What is a subtractive sculpture?
Taking off pieces of material to create a sculpture
What can you say about the way that King Menkaura and Queen are standing?
-They are very stiff and rigid
-They are very symmetrical
What is King Menkaura holding in King Menkaura and Queen
He is dragging a plow => he’s gonna farm in the afterlife
Where was King Menkaura and Queen found?
He was found in his pyramid => they take them w/ them in the afterlife=>the La comes to take the pharaoh => the statue is for the ka to recognize the pharaoh => the memes is the headdress and the cobra is called the Uraeus, the beard in detachable
Why does king Menkaura and Queen have all the fancy stuff (like the nemes, uraeus, and the beard) on them?
ITS ALL ABOUT PERFORMANCE
What can you say about the placement of their feet in King Menkaura and Queen?
The left foot is foward
What can you say about their facial expressions and they way that they are standing in King Menkaura and Queen?
There is no emotion but there is affection
What is King Menkaura and Queen oftenly called
Cult Statues
What is this image called
The code of hammurabi
What is the culture for the code of the Hammurabi?
Babylonian
What can you say about the materials used to make the code of Hammurabi?
It is made with basalt
Note
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