3.20 Study Notes

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key terms related to etiology, therapeutic models, biomedical treatments, treatment modalities, and sociocultural factors in psychology.

Biopsychosocial Model

A systemic model integrating biological, psychological, and sociocultural elements to explain how mental disorders arise through interdependent interactions.

Epigenetics

Processes through which environmental factors influence which genes in an individual's DNA are turned on or off.

Diathesis-Stress Model

A model explaining that a person with a genetic vulnerability or predisposition toward a mental disorder develops it when experiencing stress that exceeds a threshold.

Gene-Environment-Correlation Model (rGE)

A model describing how a person's genome creates vulnerability to a disorder and may also contribute to generating environmental stress that triggers the disorder.

Polygenic

Arising through the interactions of multiple genes.

Reuptake

The process by which presynaptic neurons recycle or repackage neurotransmitters for future signal transmission.

Psychoanalysis

A therapeutic approach developed by Freud aimed at revealing unconscious psychic content to alleviate psychic tension.

Person-Centered Therapy

A humanistic therapy approach created by Carl Rogers that emphasizes unconditional positive regard and active listening.

Negative Reinforcement

A behavioral principle that increases the frequency of a behavior (usually avoidant) by removing an unpleasant stimulus, acting as the opposite of punishment.

A-B-C Model

A cognitive framework proposed by Ellis explaining the sequence in which thought patterns shape emotions and behaviors.

Beck's Cognitive Triangle

A framework proposed by Aaron Beck describing negative core belief systems concerning oneself, the world, and the future.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A treatment approach combining cognitive and behavioral therapies to target maladaptive cognitions and dysfunctional behaviors.

Technical Eclecticism

An approach to therapy that combines techniques from multiple models to target specific symptoms without adopting an underlying integrated theoretical framework.

Integrative Therapies

Therapeutic approaches specifically designed to blend different therapy models and methods into a coherent, unified framework.

Intake Session

An initial clinical meeting where a practitioner assesses a client's background and primary concerns to formulate a treatment plan or referral.

Group Therapy

A treatment modality in which one or more therapists conduct psychotherapy with a small group of clients together.

Psychoeducation Groups

A specialized form of group therapy focused on providing educational information to assist participants in coping with and adapting to stressful situations.

Couples Therapy

A therapy modality where two people in an intimate relationship work with a single therapist to improve their relationship or decide to terminate it.

Family Therapy

A specialized form of group therapy focusing on a family unit to enhance relationships, improve communication, and clarify boundaries and structures.

Cultural Competence

Specialized training and understanding that allows therapists to recognize personal biases and adapt treatment to a client's cultural, group, and individual identity.