Psych 11th hour

Psychology

the scientific study of human behavior or mental processes

Funeral Service Psychology

the study of human behavior and mental processes as related to funeral service

Bereavement

the act or event of separation or loss that results in the experience of grief

Grief

an emotion, or set of emotions, due to loss

Mourning

an outward expression of grief

thanatology

the study of death, dying, bereavement, and mourning

thanatophobia

an irrational, exaggerated fear of death

grave goods

objects placed with a deceased individuals during burial

prolonged grief disorder

when something interferes with adaptation to the loss. Acute grief persisting for a long period of time.

defense mechanisms

unconscious mental process used to reduce anxiety

Repression

blocking of threatening material from consciousness

regression

returning to a more familiar and often more primitive mode of coping

rationalization

supplying a logical, acceptable reason rather than the real reason for the action

sublimation

redirection of emotion to culturally or socially useful purposes

denial

a person is unable or refuses to see things as they are because such facts are threatening to the self

displacement

redirecting feelings toward a person or object other than one who caused the feelings originally

projection

the attribution of one’s unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or behaviors to someone else

reaction formation

understanding how one feels but choosing to behave in the opposite way

compartmentalization

carefully separating different part’s of one’s life, feelings, or memories

Intellectulization

removing all emotion from responses in a hard or stressful situation and focusing instead on facts

avoidance

refusing to deal with potential or actual negative events, situations, or objects

Counseling

professional guidance of the individual by utilizing psychological methods. Short term treatment with focus on problem solving. a situation or circumstance.

therapy

long term treatment that focuses on individual and helping them better understand and manage the world around them. Problematic patterns and mental disorders.

Situational counseling

counseling related to specific situations in life that create crisis which can then produce pain.

Supportive COunseling

helps people navigate their difficulties through having a counselor listen to them and offer comfort, compassion, empathy, and advice.

Informational Counseling

Counseling for sharing specialized information.,

Direct counseling

the counselor assumes the initiative and carries a major role as advisor to the client.

Indirect counseling

“Client-Centered”. the counselor guides the client to identify and solve their own problems.

grief counseling

the process of helping people facilitate grief to a healthy resolution

grief therapy

specialized techniques used to help people with complicated grief.

abbreviated grief

When a person feels like they should move on quickly after a loss

absent grief

occurs when the bereaved shows little to no typical signs of grieving. Usually a result of avoidance or denial.

acute grief

occurs in the initial period after a loss and dominates the bereaveds life. focused on the person that died and can be difficult to concentrate on anything else.

Anticipatory grief

occurs when someone is faced with an impending loss, such as long-term illness. grieving begins while they are still alive

chronic grief

a reaction that is prolonged, ecessive in duration, and never transitions to a halthy place

collective grief

when a group of people experience an extreme trauma or loss. ex. a mass shooting

cumulative grief

when losses happen in rapid succession before the grief from the previous loss can be processed and the bereaved can heal. emotions of each loss become entangled in each other

delayed grief

Bereaved avoids their grief and the grief reaction occurs at a later time. inhibited, suppressed, or postponed

disenfranchised grief

a loss that society does not believe deserves mourning. the loss is not openly acknowledged

distorted grief

a version of complicated grief where the person gets stuck in the anger stage of grief. it can cause rage, hostility, and behavioral changes

exaggerated grief

occurs when the reactions to the loss are excessive and disabling

healthy grief

bereaved individual processes their loss in healthy ways

integrated grief

result of adaptation to the loss. behaviors related to the loss are integrated in ways that allow the bereaved individual to remember and honor the person who died. grief finds a place in their life

masked grief

when someone is unconsciously avoiding their grief. turn to habits to hide their grief

self grief

when someone mourns something about themselves such as being diagnosed with an illness

sudden grief

when a loss is sudden. can lead to prolonged grief

traumatic grief

happen in response to an unexpected, sudden loss. more likely to lead to prolonged grief disorder

Crisis

a temporary period of heightened feeling. a highly emotional state in which an individuals feelings of anxiety, grief, confusion, or pain create confusion and impair their ability to act

• Achieving contact with the individual

• Boiling down the problem to its essential

• Coping with the problem

ABC of crisis intervention

Emotional Intelligence

the ability to identify, perceive, understand, and manage one’s own emotions, as well as the emotions of others

• emotional awareness

• harness and apply emotions to tasks

• manage emotions

skills necessary for emotional intelligence

paraphrasing

expressing a thought or idea in an alternate and sometimes shortened form

focusing on and repeating back the most important parts of what the client said

perception checking

the counselor needs further explanation from the client to ensure they completely understand what was said

functional position

death will create a disturbance in family equilibrium and balance. Absence of someone in this role will create a need to fill that role.

emotional integration

Behaviors lead to harmony in the family. A well-integrated family is able to help each other cope, while a less integrated family may have increased conflict.

confidentiality

information shared by a client with a counselor is kept private. the information is not divulged without the consent of the client.

inclusion

effort to make clietns from all backgrounds feel welcome.

Stress

the psychological or physiological response to internal or external stressors

Stressor

any situation capable of producing physical or emotional stress

Eustress

Stress that is beneficial to the body by creating a good response from the body.

sociology

the systemic study of human social interaction and social groups

culture

the rules, ideas, and beliefs shared by members of society of and for living and dying, which are learned directly or indirectly.

subculture

a division or smaller identifiable unit of culture having unique traits to itself

Enculturation

the method by which the social values are internalized and learned

Diffusion

the porcess by which a cultural item spreads from group to group or society to society

cultural relativism

the emotional attitude that all cultures are pertinent

ethnocentrism

the emotional attitude that one’s own race, nation, group, or culture is superior to all others

custom

social behavior as dictated by the tradition of the people

norms

a group held belief about how members should behave in a given context

mores

must-behaviors, the basic and important patterns of ideas and acts of a people which call for a strong reaction from the society if violated

taboo

a social prohibition of certain actions

folkway

behaviors which are construed as somewhat less compulsive than mores of the same society and do not call for a strong reaction from the society if violated.

symbol

an object or act that represents a belief or idea

laws

rules of action prescribed by an authority able to enforce its will

rules

specified methods of procedure

social function

an event that allows individuals together as a community for sharing a common purpose

funeral rite

any funeral event performed in a prescribed manner

ceremony

same as ritual, an established or prescribed procedure for a religious or other rite; the formal activities conducted on some solemn or important occasioncu

cultural universal

common traits or patterns found in all cultures

religion

a culturally entrenched pattern of behavior made up of sacred beliefs, emotional feelings accompanying the beliefs, and overt conduct presumably implementing the beliefs and feelings

modern

characteristic of the present or recent times

innovation

the process of introducing a new idea or object to a culture through discovery or invention

culture shock

the feelings of disorientation, uncertainty, and even fear that people experience when they encounter unfamiliar cultural practices

cultural assimilation

the process by which a person or groups language and/or culture come to resemble those of another group.

ethnicity

the cultural heritage or identity of a group, based on factors such as language or country of origin

mobility

the state or quality of being mobile; the ability to move from place to place readily

anonymity

a situation in which a person or entity is unknown

hospice

a program of palliative care for the terminally ill

social stratification

categorization of people by money, prestige, and/or power; a ranking of social status in groups such as upper, middle, and lower class

class

a social grouping in which members possess roughly equivalent culturally valued attributes and/or similar economic resources

social mobility

movement of a person or family within the social classes of their society

neo-localism

the movement of individuals or families from the area in which they were born

demographics

the statistical study of human populations with respect to their size, density, distribution, composition, and income

society

a group of persons forming a single community with some interests in common

contemporary

living or happening in the same period; belonging to or occurring in the present