midterm pt 3 Skin and Body Systems Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to skin types, conditions, treatments, and the anatomy of the skin, as well as basic principles regarding bodily systems and skincare treatments.

What skin type generally freckles and does not tan?

Type that lacks tanning ability.

Which two skin types have similar hydration levels?

Oily and Combination (Combo).

What skin type lacks luminosity?

Dry skin.

What are the characteristics of combo skin in the T-zone?

Differences in the T-zone compared to other face areas.

What skin type has small follicle size?

Normal skin.

What is a pustule?

An infected papule with fluid inside.

What are milia?

Hardened collections of oil and dead skin cells.

Which Fitzpatrick skin type is likely to tan and least likely to burn?

Type 4.

What is hyperpigmentation?

Discoloration from melanin production due to sun or other factors.

Which Fitzpatrick skin type burns most readily?

Type 1.

What is a T-zone?

The center area of the face shaped like a T.

What is a primary cause of external effects on the skin?

Misuse of products.

What is a result of albinism?

Hypopigmentation.

What is a cyst?

Fluid infection or other matter encapsulated under the skin.

What are open comedones?

Blackheads.

What defines hyperkeratinization?

Excessive buildup of dead skin cells.

What provides an internal effect on skin?

Lack of exercise.

What is erythema?

Redness caused by inflammation.

What are solar comedones?

Large blackheads around the eyes.

What are whiteheads?

Closed comedones.

What is seborrhea?

Excess oil production causing redness, flakiness, and irritation.

What is telangiectasia?

Redness and distended capillaries due to weakened capillary walls.

What is the primary source of skin disorders?

Both internal and external factors.

What is true of sebaceous hyperplasia?

It is donut shaped.

What characterizes acne?

Excess sebum production.

What is a pustule?

An inflamed papule with pus inside.

What leads to retention hyperkeratosis?

Buildup of dead skin cells.

What is a papule?

Small elevation on the skin that contains fluid.

What characterizes grade 2 acne?

Many closed and open comedones.

What is a characteristic of grade 1 acne?

Minor breakouts, mostly open comedones.

What are sebaceous filaments?

Small solidified impactions of oil.

What condition is a disorder of the sebaceous glands?

Acne.

What helps the body cope with stress?

Adrenaline.

What grade is cystic acne?

Grade 4.

Where are sebaceous filaments usually found?

On the nose.

What is steatoma?

Subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum.

What defines grade 3 acne?

Redness, inflammation, many comedones, papules, and pustules.

What are actinic keratoses?

Precancerous lesions resulting from sun damage.

What are malignant melanoma characteristics?

Black or dark patches, uneven texture.

What defines squamous cell carcinoma?

Characterized by red or painful papules.

What is a lesion?

Structural change in tissue caused by injury.

What characterizes secondary lesions?

Depressions in the skin.

What condition involves the circulatory system?

Vascular lesions.

What are primary lesions?

Lesions in early developmental stages.

What is Miliaria Rubra?

Acute filamentary disorder of the sweat glands.

What is anhidrosis?

Deficiency in perspiration.

What is hyperhidrosis?

Excessive perspiration.

What condition is also known as razor bumps?

Pseudofolliculitis.

What condition can be contagious?

Verruca.

What is true of tinea corporis?

Skin irritation that spreads in a circular, red, scaly pattern.

What symptom may herpes simplex virus type 1 present?

Blisters on lips or nostrils.

What is a mole?

Brownish spot on skin ranging from tan to bluish black.

What does hyperkeratosis refer to?

Thickening of the skin caused by keratinocytes.

What is true of psoriasis?

Typically found in patches on various parts of the body.

What causes Keratosis Pilaris?

Blocked follicles.

What condition presents as redness and bumpiness on cheeks or upper arms?

Keratosis pilaris.

What is the hydrolipidic film?

Oil-water balance protecting the skin's surface.

What are hair papillae?

Small, cone-shaped structures at the bottom of hair follicles.

What part of the skin contains the layers stratum corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, and germinativum?

Epidermis.

Where does cell mitosis occur?

In the germinativum.

What is another term for the horny layer?

Stratum corneum.

What function does the barrier perform?

Prevents skin irritation and TEWL.

What is TEWL?

Trans-epidermal water loss.

What does the subcutaneous layer refer to?

Protective cushion and energy storage.

What is the epidermal growth factor?

A hormone that stimulates cell reproduction and healing.

Which layer is located next to the epidermis?

Papillary layer.

What gland contains openings on the skin and is found all over?

Eccrine gland.

What is an apocrine gland?

Coiled structure attached to hair follicles.

What layer contains keratin-filled cells resembling grains?

Stratum granulosum.

What condition is referred to as telangiectasia?

Larger, distended blood vessels.

What is sebum?

Oil.

What comprises the epidermis?

Protective layer of cells, mechanisms, and nerve endings.

What causes skin to be elastic?

Elasticity.

What are sebaceous glands?

Oil glands.

What white blood cell digests bacteria and parasites?

Leukocyte.

What protein substance strengthens the skin?

Collagen.

What contains the subcutaneous layer?

The dermis.

What are some benefits of exfoliation?

Dissolves makeup and keeps pores clean.

What stimulates melanin production?

UV exposure.

What color is eumelanin?

Dark brown or black.

How is healthy skin described?

Slightly acidic.

What are body tissues made of?

Proteins.

What causes sunburn and cancer?

UVB rays.

Where is oil secreted from?

Sebaceous glands.

What field studies the structure of skin tissue?

Skin histology.

What makes up 90% of human hair?

Hard keratin.

What does the peripheral nervous system do?

Connects body parts to the central nervous system.

Which organ discharges bile?

Liver.

What is the belly of a muscle?

The middle part of the muscle.

What system is most directly related to body growth?

Endocrine system.

Ingestion involves?

Taking food into the body.

Where is the humerus located?

In the arm.

What is the nucleus of a cell?

The dense, active protoplasm in the center.

What does the skeletal system not do?

It does not contract and move body parts.

What is a gland?

Organs creating chemicals necessary for body function.

What describes the origin of a muscle?

Part that does not move.

What does the integumentary system contain?

Sensory receptors.

What is the zygomaticus minor?

A muscle of the mouth.

What is exhalation?

Expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs.

What is true of the muscular system?

Covers, shapes, and supports the skeleton.