Grade 11 chemistry - chemical processes

Combustion

A chemical reaction in which a fuel burns in oxygen to produce combustion products and, often, a flame

Greenhouse gas

Any of several atmospheric gases(such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, and methane) that allow solar radiation to pass through the atmosphere but absorb infrared radiation emitted by Earth, thereby trapping thermal energy and making Earth warmer

Organic compounds

A molecular compound that contains one or more carbon—carbon bonds and, often, one or more carbon— hydrogen bonds

Air pollution

Chemicals and particles in the atmosphere that harm living organisms or damage the environment

Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon

The combustion (burning) of a hydrocarbon in a plentiful supply of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy

Incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon

The combustion (burning) of a hydrocarbon in a limited supply of oxygen; products may include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, soot, water, and energy

Oxide

A compound composed of oxygen and one other element

Acid

A compound that produces hydrogen ions when mixed with water, forming a solution that conducts electricity, tastes sour, turns blue litmus red, and neutralizes bases

base

a compound that produces hydroxide ions when mixed with water, forming a solution that conducts electricity, tastes bitter, turns red litmus blue, and neutralizes acids

acidic oxide

an oxide that forms an acidic solution when dissolved in water; a non-metallic oxide

Basic oxide

An oxide that forms a basic solution when dissolved in water; a metallic oxide

mineral

a naturally occurring solid that has a definite crystal structure and chemical composition

ore

rock containing a relatively high proportion of a desirable mineral

metallurgy

the science and technology of separating and refining metals from their ores and subsequent processing

smelting

the chemical process that extracts a metal from its ore using heat and chemicals

flash smelting

a fairly new technology for separating a metal from its ore by heating ore in an atmosphere of almost pure oxygen

remediation

the process of treating contaminated land or water so that it is safe for use again

bioremediation

the process of using organisms to treat contaminated land or water

Phytoremediation

The process of using plants to treat contaminated land or water