BIOTLOGY LETSGOOO

COMEBACK OF THE CENTURY

Homeostasis

is the existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body.

Feedback Mechanisms

occurs when response to either a biotic or abiotic factor has an effect on the person of some kind (or animal/mammal).

Feedback Control Loop

is a highly complex and integrated communication control system or network.

hormones

Information is transmitted in these loops by nervous impulses or by specific chemical messenger called

receptor

receives information that something in the environment is changing.

control center

receives and processes information from the receptor.

effector

responds to the commands of the control center by either opposing or enhancing the stimulus.

Structural

the animal or plant has particular physical features which help its survival in an otherwise hostile environment.

Functional

the metabolism of the animal or plant is able to adjust to changes in conditions as they are detected.

Behavioral

the actions and interactions of the individual, either alone or with others, help it to survive in its particular environment.

Feedback

situation when the output or response of a loop impacts or influences the input or stimulus.

Negative feedback loops

in which a change in a given direction causes change in the opposite direction.For example, an increase in the concentration of a substance causes feedback that ultimately causes the concentration of the substance to decrease.

Positive feedback loops

in which a change in a given direction causes additional change in the same direction.For example, an increase in the concentration of a substance causes feedback that produces continued increases in concentration.

supine

lying face upward

prone

lying face downward.

Frontal plane/ coronal plane

divides the body into dorsal and ventral halves.

Transverse/horizontal plane

divides the body into anterior and posterior halves.

Sagittal plane

divides the body into left and right halves.

Walter Cannon

First coined by US physiologist

Stressors

continuously challenge homeostasis.

Anterior

goes before

Posterior

goes behind

Ventral

the belly

Dorsal

the back

Medial

near the midline

Lateral

away from the midline

Proximal

near the main body axis

Distal

away from the main body axis