pe yr 10 (copy)

5

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6

1

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2

Atria

2 upper chamber of the heart

cardiac output

blood ejected from heart in one minute

Location of intercostal muscles

between the ribs

Respiratory system sections

conducting system, lungs, diaphragm

Average blood pressure of an adult

120/80

Cardiovascular system features

Heart, blood, blood vessels

Platelets function

blood clotting

Valves location

veins

Role of alveoli

gas exchange and oxygen and carbon dioxide

Inspiration

breathing in (inhalation)

Septum

Divides the right and left chambers of the heart

Deoxygenated blood

right atrium

oxygenated blood

left atrium

Respiratory rate

Amount of breaths per minute

RBC function

Carry oxygen by haemoglobin

White blood cells function

fight disease

Platelets funciton

blood clotting

functions of the skeletal system

framework, protection, movement, storage of minerals, production of RBC

Types of bones

Flat, long, short, irregular, sesamoid

axial skeleton

Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column

appendicular skeleton

The portion of the skeleton that attaches to the axial skeleton and has the limbs attached to it

Joint definition

A place where two or more bones meet

fibrous joint

fixed/immovable

cartilagious joint

slightly movable

synodal joint

freely movable

Types of joints

hinge, ball and socket, pivot, gliding

Tendon

bone to muscle

ligament

bone to bone

Cartilage

Provides shock absorption

Flexion

Joint angle decreases

Extension

Joint angle increases

Abduction

Moving away from body

Adduction

Moving towards body

Rotation

Bone turns on its own axis

Circumduciton

Circular motion

Plantarfication

Toes pointing down

Dorsiflection

Toes pointing op

Musculature system functions

movement, maintain posture, maintain bodily functions, blood circulation

skeletal muscle

attached to bone via tendons, voluntary contractions

cardiac muscle

heart, involuntary

smooth muscle

wall of organs, involuntary

concentric contraction

muscle shortens

eccentric contraction

muscle lengthens

isometric contraction

muscle stays the same when force is applied

characteristics of slow twitch muscle fibres

long term, red

Fast twitch muscle fibres

Short term, white

agonist

causes action

antagonist

relaxes and lengthens to allow movement to occur

reciprocal inhibition

relationship between muscles

Function of the cardiovascular system

blood circulation, transportation of minerals, transport waste away from cells, maintain body temperature, fight disease

Elements of cardiovascular system

heart, blood vessels, blood

2 atria

upper chambers receiving blood

2 ventricles

2 lower chambers pumping blood

Valve

stops backflow of the blood

arteries

carry blood away from the heart

vein

A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart.

capilleries

smallest blood vessels, exchange of nutrients

Caratid

neck pulse

Radial

Wrist pulse

RBC

carries oxygen by haemoglobin

blood pressure

pressure of blood on artery walls

systolic blood pressure

pressure on artery walls when left ventricle contracts (top number)

Diastolic blood pressure

Blood pressure on artery when heart relaxes

Acute response

Immediate response to physical stress. Ex: increased HR and Increase SV

Cardiac output formula

Q = HR x SV

Chronic adaptation

fitness components

Aerobic power, musc strength, musc endurance, flexibility, balance, anaerobic capacity, musc power, speed, agility, coordination

anaerobic power

ability to supply nutrients and oxygen to body

continuous training

training at a moderate to high intensity without stopping to rest

Fartlek training

variation of continuous training with bursts of high intensity work

Stretching types

Ballistic, PNF, Dynamic, static

Interval training

period of work with period of rest with 85-100% MHR