IMMUNOSERO LEC PRELIMS

Who is the father of immunology?

Louis Pasteur

What did Thucydides observe during the plague of Athens?

Immunity after recovery

What is the difference between immunity and tolerance?

Immunity eliminates, tolerance accepts

Which cells mediate humoral immunity?

B-cells

Which cells mediate cell-mediated immunity?

T-cells

What is the role of NK cells?

Innate immunity

What is the role of complement?

Enhance innate immunity

Which antigen-presenting cells initiate T-cell response?

Dendritic cells

Which cells display antigens to B-lymphocytes?

Follicular dendritic cells

What is the first line of defense?

Skin and mucosa

What is the second line of defense?

Innate resistance

What is the third line of defense?

Adaptive immunity

What type of immunity is acquired from infection?

Natural active

What type of immunity is acquired from vaccination?

Artificial active

What type of immunity is acquired from colostrum?

Natural passive

Which immunoglobulin crosses the placenta?

IgG

Which immunoglobulin is first produced in infection?

IgM

Which immunoglobulin is predominant in secretions?

IgA

Which immunoglobulin mediates allergies and parasite defense?

IgE

Which immunoglobulin is least abundant?

IgD

What is clonal selection?

B cell activation

What antibody isotype dominates in secondary response?

IgG

What is the principal function of antibodies?

Bind antigens

What is affinity in antigen-antibody interaction?

Initial binding force

What is avidity in antigen-antibody interaction?

Overall binding strength

What is prozone phenomenon?

Antibody excess

What is postzone phenomenon?

Antigen excess

Which test detects antigen-antibody complexes in vitro?

ELISA

Which granulocyte is main defense against bacteria?

Neutrophils

Which granulocyte regulates inflammation and parasites?

Eosinophils

Which granulocyte mediates hypersensitivity reactions?

Basophils

What molecule secreted by macrophages binds iron?

Transferrin

Which cytokines are proinflammatory in sepsis?

TNF, IL-1, IL-8

Which cytokines are anti-inflammatory in sepsis?

IL-6, IL-10

Which receptor family mediates leukocyte rolling?

Selectins

Which integrin is present on all leukocytes?

LFA-1

What is neutropenia?

Low neutrophils

Which disorder shows giant granules in neutrophils?

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

Which disease has defective oxidative burst?

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Which enzyme deficiency causes defective fungal killing and green pus?

Myeloperoxidase deficiency

Which disease involves β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency?

Gaucher’s disease

Which disease involves sphingomyelin accumulation?

Niemann-Pick disease