D753 Behavioral Intervention Strategies and Applied Behavior Analysis Practice OA

What is one of the key characteristics of an emotional or behavior disorder as defined by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)?

An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors

What is a sign that a student might have an anxiety disorder?

Irrational fear

In a middle school classroom, a student shows signs of nervousness and restlessness. In particular, the student frequently asks the teacher if his answers are correct on tests and quizzes. This perfectionism causes the student to spend too much time on assignments, which only increases the stress the student feels.

Which disorder does the student in this scenario likely have?

Anxiety Disorder

A fifth grade student often bullies classmates and has been caught stealing several times. At home, the student often lies to their parents and has threatened to run away from home.

Which disorder is likely illustrated in this situation?

Conduct Disorder

What is one sign of oppositional defiance disorder (ODD)?

Extreme and persistent vindictiveness

What are the three major aspects of neurodiversity impacting classroom behavior?

Emotional Regulation

Executive Function

Working Memory

What are examples of internalizing behavior?

Being withdrawn

Overly shy

Easily upset

Having low energy

What are examples of externalizing behavior?

Noncompliance with rules

Anger outbursts

Property destruction

Threats of violence

What is a strategy that supports Tier 1 support of positive behavioral interventions and support (PBIS)?

Having all students practice telling their peers something they did well each day

Daniel is a student who has minor struggles with impulsivity but works well with other students and generally excels in the classroom. What is an appropriate strategy that Daniel's teacher should use to support him based on the positive behavioral interventions and support (PBIS) system?

Establishing guidelines for Daniel and other students to follow during discussions

Lulu is a student who experiences social anxiety at a level that puts her at risk of behavioral issues. Despite having universal supports, Lulu's social anxiety has not improved. How can Lulu's teacher support her based on the positive behavioral interventions and support (PBIS) system?

By having Lulu meet with a lunchtime group to casually practice conversation skills

Kamal is a student who struggles to self-regulate at a level that puts him at risk of behavioral issues. Despite having universal supports, Kamal's behavior has not improved. How can Kamal's teacher support him based on the positive behavioral interventions and support (PBIS) system?

By having Kamal meet regularly with small group to practice self-regulation strategies.

William is a student who has been diagnosed with an emotional behavior disorder. William has trouble paying attention in class, working with other students, and staying focused when doing independent work. Tier 1 and 2 interventions have been ineffective so far. How can William's teacher support him based on the positive behavioral interventions and support (PBIS) system?

By working with specialists to create a personalized behavior plan for William

A teacher wants to provide Tier 1 support in the positive behavioral interventions and support (PBIS) system for her class that exhibits common adverse behaviors. What level of support is appropriate for this student?

Generalized/Whole class intervention

A teacher wants to provide Tier 2 support in the positive behavioral interventions and support PBIS system for a student with moderate behavior issues. What level of support is appropriate for this student?

Targeted intervention

A teacher wants to provide Tier 3 in the positive behavioral interventions and support (PBIS) system for a student with severe behavior issues. What level of support is appropriate for this student?

Intensive/Individualized Support

Antecedent

Stimulus that occurs directly before a student's action

Behavior

Any observable action or interaction of an individual with their environment

Consequence

Stimulus that occurs directly after a student's action

Baseline

A description of an individual's actions before an attempt is made to change them

Visual Stimuli Examples

Charts

Flashcards

Colorful pictures

Auditory Stimuli Examples

Sounds

Verbal cues

Tactile Stimuli Examples

Sensory bins

Textured materials

Fidget toys

Classroom Movement Stimuli Examples

Hands-on science experiment

Role play

Dance

Classroom Social Stimuli Example

Interaction with teachers and peers

Examples of Classroom Responses

Raising a hand

Participating in class discussion or group work

Verbally answering a question

Submitting homework

In an elementary classroom, a student speaks out of turn and is required to stay after class to review appropriate social interactions. What type of consequence did the student receive?

Positive punishment

A student who is rude to another classmate is required to do a classroom chore. What type of consequence did the student receive?

Positive punishment

Positive Reinforcement

Adding stimulus to increase behavior

Negative Reinforcement

Removing stimulus to increase behavior

Positive Punishment

Adding stimulus to decrease behavior

Negative Punishment

Removing stimulus to decrease behavior

Intrinsic Reinforcement

Internal satisfaction and pleasure derived from engaging in an activity itself, rather than external rewards.

Intrinsic Punishment

Internal, self-inflicted consequences or feelings of negative emotions experienced as a result of one's actions

Extrinsic Reinforcement

Using external rewards or incentives to encourage or reinforce a specific behavior

Extrinsic Punishment

Using external consequences to discourage a behavior

Peer Reinforcement

Within a group (peers) provide positive feedback, praise, or attention to each other for demonstrating desirable behaviors or achieving goals, thereby increasing the likelihood of those behaviors being repeated.

Peer Punishment

Individuals within a group directly punishing others, often those who are perceived as uncooperative or "free-riding," even if it incurs a cost to the punisher, to maintain cooperation and enforce social norms.

What is the primary guideline that should be followed to define behavior correctly?

Avoid subjectivity when describing behavior

When reading individually during class, a student often reacts to the story in distracting ways such as giggling, gasping, or sighing. The teacher has been recording the intensity of the student's behavior on a scale of 1 to 5 for each instance. Which data assessment collection method is being used?

Magnitude

A student has been standing up during instruction, seemingly due to restlessness. The teacher has been recording the number of times a student stands up per hour of instruction. What data collection method is being used?

Rate

A kindergarten student has been throwing tantrums during snack time occasionally for unknown reasons. The student's teacher has been recording how long the tantrums last for the past several weeks. Which data collection method is being used?

Duration

A teacher often instructs students to work on solving a problem individually during class. One student has been drawing pictures on their paper for several minutes before starting to work on the problem. The teacher has started to record the length of time between the given instruction to work on the problem and when the student actually starts to work on the problem. What type of data collection method is the teacher using?

Latency

A student has been yelling at their teacher when asked to stop talking during class. The teacher has been recording the severity of the yelling on a numerical scale for each occurrence. Which data collection method is being used?

Magnitude

What are the 5 steps of ABA therapy?

Assessment

Setting goals

Intervention Planning

Implementation

Monitoring and evaluation

A student often becomes rude and loud when working with a partner during class. In order to address the behavior using the applied behavior analysis (ABA) process, the teacher is developing a strategy with clear and measurable goals.

Which of the five steps of the ABA process is the teacher performing?

Planning

A student frequently makes a joke when a teacher starts passing out an in-class worksheet. When the student makes the joke, the other students laugh.

What is the behavior in this situation, based on the antecedent-behavior-consequence (ABC) charting method?

Making a joke

Whenever a student is presented with a quiz, the student argues with the teacher until there is no time left to complete the quiz. Because of this, the student is able to avoid taking the quiz.

What is the behavior in this situation, based on the antecedent-behavior-consequence (ABC) charting method?

Arguing with the teacher

A student becomes rude and mean whenever they are paired with others for in-class assignments. This causes their partner to ask to work with someone else, and the student ends up working on in-class assignments alone.

What is the antecedent of the behavior in this situation, based on the antecedent-behavior-consequence (ABC) charting method?

Being paired with others

During group activities, a teacher circulates to guide interactions and help students develop better social skills.

Which preventative strategy is the teacher using in this scenario?

Active supervision

What are some examples of active supervision in the classroom?

Managing restlessness

Encouraging participation

Preventing outbursts

Encouraging positive interactions

As the teacher walks around the classroom, they can periodically stop by the student's desk, offer a quick thumbs-up for staying on task, or give a gentle tap on the shoulder to redirect attention. This simple interaction can help the student refocus without drawing negative attention.

What active supervision strategy is the teacher using?

managing restlessness

The teacher can use proximity by standing closer to the student during discussions, offering a reassuring smile or nod to encourage them to share their thoughts. If the student begins to speak, the teacher can maintain eye contact to show they are listening and interested, which can boost the student's confidence.

What active supervision strategy is the teacher using?

Encouraging participation

While moving around the room, the teacher can check in with the student before signs of frustration appear. By offering assistance or breaking down tasks into smaller steps, the teacher can help prevent an outburst and support the student in managing their emotions.

What active supervision strategy is the teacher using?

Preventing outbursts

The teacher can circulate and join group discussions, modeling positive communication and prompting the student to contribute in a respectful manner. By being part of the group activity, the teacher can guide interactions and help the student develop better social skills.

What active supervision strategy is the teacher using?

Encouraging positive interactions

What are the 4 types of behavior management approaches?

Active Supervision

Modeling

Prompting

Emotional Check-in

Active Supervision

a proactive approach to supervision that goes beyond simply being present; it involves focused attention, intentional observation, and engagement with children to prevent accidents and injuries

Modeling

the process of demonstrating specific behaviors that can be observed and can be imitated by others

Prompting

reminders and hints used to guide students' behavior

Emotional Check-in

connecting with students on a personal level, often by greeting each student individually as they enter the classroom

A teacher demonstrates how they take three deep breaths in a row to try to calm down when they are frustrated.

Which type of strategy is the teacher implementing?

Modeling

After seeing a student talking with a classmate, a teacher says to the student, "Turn around and face forward."

Which preventative strategy is the teacher using in this scenario?

Prompting

A teacher notices that a student seems stressed. The student is sensitive to loud noises, so the teacher asks the student how they are doing and reminds the student that there is a quiet area available for breaks.

Which preventative strategy is the teacher using in this scenario?

Emotional check-in

For a virtual class, a teacher asks students to share their screens during one-on-one or small group sessions. With this strategy, the teacher is able to guide students through their assignments.

Which type of strategy is the teacher implementing?

Active supervision

During live discussions for a virtual class, the teacher shows how to take turns speaking by raising the hand emoji before speaking.

Which preventative strategy is the teacher using in this scenario?

Modeling

The teacher of a virtual class uses a quiet sand timer to denote an alarm that the time is up for a quiz.

Which type of strategy is the teacher implementing?

Prompting

A teacher asks a student who is talking with peers, "What should you be working on right now?" to encourage the student to refocus.

Which type of prompt is demonstrated in this scenario?

Indirect verbal

A teacher provides help by sitting by a student, guiding their hand as they write, and making sure they maintain focus.

Which type of prompt is demonstrated in this scenario?

Full physical

teacher says, "I saw that you helped lead your group project and encouraged everyone to stay on task. That's great teamwork!"

Which form of positive reinforcement is the teacher in this scenario using?

Behavior-specific praise

A teacher gives students plastic coins for each completed assignment. Students can exchange the coins for extra playtime or a small prize.

Which type of reinforcement is demonstrated in this scenario?

Token economy

A teacher says, "If you help a classmate with their worksheet and show kindness, you will earn extra playtime during recess."

Which type of reinforcement is demonstrated in this scenario?

Behavioral contracting

What factor helps make token economies effective?

Visibility of progress

What is one of the factors that contribute to the effectiveness of behavioral contracts?

Clear expectations