For Quiz on 1/6
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
sensory input from the viscera and blood vessels, and motor output to involuntary effectors (cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands)
Axon
single long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body
cortex
thin, superficial layer of gray matter that covers the cerebrum and cerebellum
dendrites
highly branched processes of a neuron that carry impulses to the cell body (main receiving or input region)
Enteric plexus
network of neurons in the walls of the gastrointestinal (GI) track
Fasciculus
axon bundles of a nerve
Ganglion (ganglia: plural)
cluster of cell bodies and the synaptic region for neurons located in the PNS
gray matter
contains cell bodies, dendrites, axon terminals of neurons, unmyelinated axons, and neuroglia
Interneurons (association neurons)
multipolar neurons located within the CNS that integrate incoming sensory information to elicit a motor response
Motor (efferent) neuron
multipolar neurons, convey impulses from the CNS out through the PNS to effectors (“involuntary” muscles or glands)
Nerve
bundle of axons in the PNS
Nucleus
cluster of cell bodies and the synaptic region for neurons located in the CNS
Neuroglia
cells that support, nourish, and protect neurons
Neurons
nervous tissue cells that are specialized for nerve impulse conduction
Parasympathetic Division
division of the ANS that performs our housekeeping activities and conserves energy (“rest and digest”)
Perception
our awareness of sensory input (stimuli)
Sensory (afferent) neurons
unipolar (pseudo-unipolar) neurons, convey stimuli impulses to the CNS for integration
Sensory Receptors
monitor and transduce changes in our internal and external environments
spinal cord
gray matter forms an H-shaped inner core surrounded by white matter
soma
cell body of neurons that contain the typical organelles plus chromatophilic (Nissl) bodies
Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
sensory input from the head, body wall, limbs, and special sense organs and motor output to “voluntary” skeletal muscles
Sympathetic Division
division of the ANS that is activated under stressful situations (“fight or flight“)
Tract
bundle of axons in the CNS
white matter
aggregates of myelinated axons