Gender and Society Practice Flashcards

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering legal frameworks, historical perspectives, and core concepts of gender and society as presented in the lecture notes.

Gender and Society

A three-unit course that ignites awareness to the students’ understanding of the Philippines' current problems in gender inequality, gender mainstreaming, and gender preferences.

CHED Memorandum Order No. 1, Series of 2015

A memorandum issued by the Commission on Higher Education establishing Gender and Development (GAD) as a priority area and requiring the integration of gender-sensitive perspectives into the curriculum.

GAD Focal Points

Entities required in universities by CHED to promote gender equality and address gender issues.

CEDAW (1981)

The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, an international treaty serving as a comprehensive framework for eliminating discrimination against women in all areas of life.

Philippine Commission on Women (PCW)

An agency actively engaged in monitoring and reporting compliance with CEDAW by ensuring national policies align with the treaty's goals.

1987 Philippine Constitution, Article II, Section 14

A provision that recognizes the role of women in nation-building and ensures the fundamental equality of women and men before the law.

Republic Act No. 9262

Also known as the Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act, it protects women and children from all forms of abuse.

Republic Act No. 7192

The Women in Development and Nation Building Act (1992), which promotes the integration of women as full and equal partners in development and mandates equal treatment in programs like the AFP.

Republic Act No. 9710

The Magna Carta of Women (2009), a comprehensive women's rights law seeking to eliminate discrimination and requiring LGUs to allocate $5\%$ of their budget to GAD projects.

Sex

Physical or physiological differences between males and females, including biological characteristics like genetics, anatomy, and physiology.

Gender

Social or cultural distinctions associated with being male or female; a socially constructed set of roles and responsibilities.

Gender Identity

The conception of oneself as a male or female, manifesting outwardly as masculine or feminine.

Transgender

A term for a person whose biological sex does not align with their gender identity.

Sexual Orientation

An aspect of gender pertaining to the emotional and sexual attraction a person feels toward another person.

LGBTQIA+ Alphabet

An acronym representing lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, intersex, asexual, and others.

Heterosexuals

Individuals who are attracted to the opposite sex, often referred to as 'straight.'

Patriarchy

A social system derived from the Greek word 'Patriarkhes' ('rule of the father') where men hold primary power in political, social, and private spheres.

Three Obediences

In ancient Chinese civilization, these dictated women should obey their fathers before marriage, their husbands after marriage, and their sons after their husbands die.

Four Virtues

Confucian requirements for women to be moral, speak properly, be modest in manner, and be diligent in needlework.

Sexism

Prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination based on sex.

First-Wave Feminism

A movement during the 19th and early 20th century focused on women's suffrage, access to education, and property rights.

Second-Wave Feminism

A movement from the 1960s to the 1980s addressing social inequalities such as domestic violence, wage inequality, and reproductive rights.

Socialization

The lifelong process by which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, norms, and roles expected by their society.

Gender Socialization

The process starting at birth by which individuals learn the cultural norms and expectations associated with their gender.

Gender as a Social Fact

A concept described by Émile Durkheim suggesting gender roles are societal forces existing outside the individual that shape behavior.