Chapter 1: Themes of Biology

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16 Terms

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Hypothesis
A tentative answer to a well-framed question; it must be testable and falsifiable.
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Theory
A well-substantiated explanation supported by a large body of evidence, broader in scope than a hypothesis.
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Law
Describes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it.
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Quantitative Data
Recorded measurements that are numerical.
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Qualitative Data
Descriptions rather than measurements; non-numerical.
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Independent Variable
The variable that is deliberately changed in an experiment, plotted on the X-axis.
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Dependent Variable
The variable that is measured or observed in response to the independent variable, plotted on the Y-axis.
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Emergent Properties
New properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life.
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Prokaryotic Cells
Cells that have no nucleus and are simpler in structure.
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Eukaryotic Cells
Cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
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Positive Feedback
A process where as more product accumulates, the process speeds up.
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Negative Feedback
A process where as more product accumulates, the process slows down.
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Natural Selection
The process where individuals with beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
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Taxonomy
The classification of life.
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Domains of Life
The three domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
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Hierarchy of Classification
The order: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.