PPL Written

Lateral axis

Elevator

Longitudinal axis

Ailerons

Vertical axis

Rudder

Aft CG

Less stable at all speeds

Difficulty in recovering from stalled condition

Increase likelihood of inadvertent overstress

Airplane nose pitch down when power is reduced and controls not adjusted

Downwash onto elevators from prop slipstream is reduced and elevator effectiveness is reduced

Increased load factor

Causes aircraft to stall at a higher airspeed (easier to stall)

Pressure altitude = true altitude

Standard atmospheric conditions exist

Density altitude

Pressure altitude corrected from nonstandard temp

Increases with an increase in ambient temp

what condition causes altimeter to indicate a lower altitude than true altitude

Air temp warmer than standard

Pressure altitude = density altitude when?

Standard temp

Standard temp

15 degrees Celsius

Indicated altitude = true altitude when?

Sea level at standard conditions

Carburetor heat

Decrease engine performance but enriches fuel/air mix

Crankcase breather lines are susceptible in cold conditions because

Ice from crankcase vapors that have condensed have frozen

Enhanced taxi centerline

Highlight approaching runway holding position marking

Outside controlled airspace minimum flight visibility

1 mile

Federal airways including class E airspace extend from

1,200 ft AGL up to and including 17,999 MSL

Minimum visibility and clearance from clouds for VFR in class G airspace 700ft AGL or below during the day

1 mile and clear of clouds

Minimum flight visibility for VFR below 10,000 MSL

3 miles

Visibility and ceiling for VFR in class D

1,000 ft ceiling and 3 miles of visibility

VFR in class E above 10,000 MSL minimum flight visibility

5 SM

Weather conditions for special VFR in class D

1 SM visibility

Certification of aircraft what is category of aircraft

Normal, utility, acrobatic

Certification of airmen what is categories of aircraft

Airplane, rotorcraft, lighter than air

Regulation allowing PP to perform preventive maintenance

14 CFR 43.3

Thunderstorm

1st stage: cumulus, updrafts water carried up

2nd stage: mature, up and down drafts, precipitation begins to fall, greatest intensity

3rd stage: dissipating, down drafts and storm rains itself out

Lightning always comes with thunderstorms

Frost

Spoils smooth airflow over wings decreasing lift capability

Forms when temp of collecting surface is at or below the dewpoint of adjacent air and dewpoint is below freezing

Affects limiting surfaces and may prevent airplane from becoming airborne at normal take off speed

Water vapor air can hold

Depends on air temp

FDC NOTAMs

Regulatory in nature and issued to establish restrictions to flight or amend charts or published instrument procedures

NOTAMS (D)

Cover info such as taxiway closures etc as well as more substantial items such as runway closures that affect instrument approach visibility

Indication of magnetic compass in Northern hemisphere turning right from south heading

Turn to the right at a faster rate than is actually occurring

Involved in an accident required to file an NTSB accident report within how many days

10

Haze

All traffic or terrain appear to be further away

Advection fog

Moist air moves over colder ground/water (COAST)

Dewpoint

Temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated

Mountain wave turbulence

40 kts or greater blow across a mountain ridge and air is stable