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These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to conveying real property interests, including essential concepts, definitions, and legal principles that are critical for understanding the subject.
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Real Property
A complex bundle of rights connected to land.
Bundle of Rights
The various rights associated with ownership of real property.
Grantor
The person or entity that conveys real property.
Grantee
The recipient of real property.
Deed
A special, written contract to convey a permanent interest in real property.
Fee Simple Absolute
The highest form of property ownership with no limitations.
Life Estate
A property interest for the life of a specified individual.
Covenant
Legally binding promises in a deed.
Habendum Clause
Defines the interest being conveyed in a deed.
Chain of Title
The sequence of conveyances from the original owner to the current owner.
Title Insurance
Insurance that protects against loss from defects in a title.
Doctrine of Constructive Notice
Legal principle that implies parties are responsible for knowing certain information.
Recital of Consideration
Statement that details what has been exchanged in the transaction.
Covenant of Seizen
Promise that the grantor has good title and the right to convey it.
Covenant Against Encumbrances
Promise that there are no undisclosed encumbrances on the property.
Covenant of Quiet Enjoyment
Promise that the grantee will not be disturbed in their possession.
Evidence of Title
Documentation proving ownership of property.
Marketable Title
A claim considered free from reasonable doubt.
Metes and Bounds
A method of describing land using boundaries and distances.
Plat Map
A map used to describe property in urban areas with blocks and lots.
Government Rectangular Survey
A system for describing land uses baseline and meridian references.
Adverse Possession
A method of acquiring title by continuous possession without the owner's permission.
Easement by Prescription
An easement established through continuous and uninterrupted use.
Grantor's Signature
Required signature by the person conveying property in a deed.
Acknowledgment
Confirmation that the grantor acted voluntarily.
Delivery
Observable act indicating intent to transfer a deed to the grantee.
Public Records
Official documents that provide evidence of title.
Statute of Frauds
Legal requirement that certain contracts be in writing to be enforceable.
Actual Notice
Knowledge obtained by direct observation.
Title Search
The process of reviewing public records to establish a chain of title.
Deed Restrictions
Limitations placed on the use of property in a deed.
Exceptions Clause
Clause in a deed that lists specific rights not conveyed.
Reservation Clause
Clause that retains specific rights in a property for the grantor.
Boundary Errors
Mistakes in property boundary descriptions that can lead to legal disputes.
Voluntary Conveyance
Transfer of property rights through mutual agreement.
Involuntary Conveyance
Transfer of property rights through legal means without the owner's consent.
Covenants in Deeds
Promises made by the grantor about the property.
Quitclaim Deed
A deed that conveys whatever interest the grantor has without warranties.
Special Warranty Deed
A deed that warrants title only during the grantor's period of ownership.
General Warranty Deed
A deed that provides the highest level of protection to the grantee.
Implied Easement
A right of use not expressly granted but inferred from the circumstances.
Easement by Necessity
An easement created when land is landlocked.
Action of Water
Changes in land ownership due to natural processes like erosion.
Accretion
The gradual addition of land from natural causes, such as sediment deposits.
Reliction
The process by which land is exposed as water recedes, adding land to property.
Statute of Limitations
The time period within which legal action can be taken.
Notarization
The act of having a document officially certified by a notary public.
Land Descriptions
The detailed specifications of a property's boundaries.
Trustee
An individual or organization that holds property in trust for the benefit of another.
Conveyance
The act of transferring property from one person to another.
Residential Squatting
The act of occupying an abandoned or unoccupied property without legal permission.
Immediate Removal of Squatters
Legal process allowing property owners to remove squatters quickly.
Florida HB 621
Legislation aimed at streamlining the process of dealing with squatters.
Legal Description
A precise way of describing a piece of property generally using the metes and bounds system.
Property Survey
An inspection that determines the boundaries and area of a property.
Parcel Number
A unique identifier assigned to a parcel of land.
Easement
A right to use another person's land for a specific purpose.
Legally Competent
The ability to enter into a legally binding contract.
Title Claim
A formal assertion of ownership over property.
Lot and Block Number
A method of describing property in subdivisions using a numbered lot on a map.
Deed of Bargain and Sale
A deed that implies ownership but offers no guarantees.
Notorious Use
Public and observable use of land that can lead to an easement by prescription.
Ownership History
The record of all previous ownership of a property.
Legal Age
The age established by law at which a person can engage in contracts.
Boundary Description Faults
Errors in defining the measurable confines of a property.