SPAUD 210: 3/23

billions

how many neurons are there?

soma

cell body of neuron

soma

axon

dendrite

myelin sheath

yellow stuff pictured

neuron

name of cells of nervous tissue

axon

sends info away from the cell body

dendrites

transmits info towards the cell body

myelin sheath

fatty covering that speeds up the chemoelectrical impulse

saltatory conduction

the transmission that jumps across the myelin sheath

faster

how does the more myelin sheath affect transmission?

multiple sclerosis (MS)

what can a degenerated myelin sheath result in?

glial cells

what did einstein have a disproportionate amount of?

synaptic bulbs

contain vesicles

synaptic bulb

no, the connection is electrochemical

do neurons touch each other?

too many or too little

many diseases result from having ____ neurotransmitters

synaptic vesicles

contain neurotransmitters

synaptic vesicles

synaptic cleft

brain

spinal cord

what is the CNS made up of?

sensory division

motor division

what are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system

visceral sensory division

somatic sensory division

what are the two divisions of the sensory division?

visceral motor division

somatic motor division

what are the two divisions of the motor division?

visceral motor division

what are the sympathetic division and the parasympathetic division divisions of?

sympathetic nervous system

fight, fright, or flight (stops digestion, increases HR, dialates pupils)

parasympathetic nervous system

returning to rest state (contract pupils, resumes digestion, decreases HR)

peripheral nervous system

what are cranial and spinal nerves a part of?

sensory division

division having to do with info coming in

motor division

often having to do with info going out

visceral

having to do with your organs

afferent neurons

conduct towards the central nervous system

sensory

what type of neurons are afferent neurons typically?

efferent neurons

conduct away from the central nervous system

motor

what type of neurons are efferent neurons typically?

medulla oblongata

what is the spinal cord continuous with?

31

how many spinal nerves are there?

8

how many cervical spinal nerves are there?

12

how many thoracic spinal nerves are there?

5

how many lumbar spinal nerves are there?

conus medullaris

ending of spinal cord (cone shape)

conus medullaris

cauda equina

spinal nerves coming off the end

horse tail

what does cauda equina mean

cauda equina

filum terminale

the last spinal nerve going down

filum terminale

cervical enlargement

for the arms, where there is more nerves, end of cervical and beginning of thoracic

cervical enlargement

lumbar enlargement

for the legs, where there is more nerves, end of thoracic and beginning of lumbar

lumbar enlargement

L1

where is the conus medullaris at adulthood?

L3

where is the conus medullaris at birth?

central canal

little hole in spinal cord, contains cerebral spinal fluid on the outside and inside

dorsal horn

gray colored, made up of cell bodies (anterior)

dorsal horn

central canal

ventral horn

ventral horn

gray colored, made up of cell bodies (posterior)

white

what color are axons/myelin sheath?

dorsal median sulcus

little indentation on anterior side

dorsal median sulcus

ventral median fissure

big indentation on posterior side

dorsal root fiber

L

ventral root fiber

H

dorsal root ganglion