UB Final

Synoptic Gospels

Matthew, Mark, Luke

Synoptic Problem

How to explain the similarities and differences between the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke)

Textual Criticism

Trying to restore texts close to their original forms

Athanasius's 39th Festal Letter

Earliest document known to list all 27 books of the New Testament cannon that is accepted today

Criteria for Canonicity

Apostolicity, Rule of Faith, Catholic (universal)

Critical Text

Everything but the King James Version

Textus Receptus

Ways of approaching the Greek text in the New Testament, the text behind the King James Version

Plutarch (Greek Biographer) on Lives

Talks about the persons character and life rather than historical facts

Priene Calendar

Savior= Caesar
Gospel= Things Caesar has done

Gospel/Euangelion

Means "good news", refers to the announcement of Jesus's life, death, and resurrection as the beginning of God's kingdom

Lives

the gift of physical life, spiritual life through a relationship with God, and the promise of eternal life through faith in Jesus Christ

Markan Priority

The idea that Mark was the first of the Synoptic Gospels to be written, and was the primary source used by Matthew and Luke.

Redaction Criticism

looks at how an author edited stories to fit their own messages

Messiah & Christ

Messiah= Hebrew
Christ= Greek
Both mean the same thing, anointed one

John the Baptist

1. Prepared people for the arrival of Jesus
2. Baptized Jesus

Messianic Secret

Jesus doesn't want the people to know he is the Messiah

Son of Man

came from Daniel 7
Jesus's fav way of referring to himself in the gospels
higher title than son of God
Means human

Son of God

Can be almost anyone
Comes from Daniel 7

This gospel makes heavy use of the messianic secret?

Mark

Intercalation

sandwiching, putting one story into the middle of another story
Mark talks like this a lot

Atonement in Mark

Jesus did not come to be served but to serve and give his life as a ransom
Institution of the Lords supper given for many
Torn temple veil shows the way to God is now open

Ending of Mark

After Jesus' death, 3 women go to his tomb and an angel tells them that Jesus is risen, they flee the tomb scared

Women in Jesus's Genealogy

Tamar, Rahab, Ruth, Bathsheba, Mary
they were outsiders who God used to execute his plan (shows his grace)

Gentile Mission

The expansion of the Jesus movement to include Gentiles as Gentiles

Sensus Plenior

Latin, the idea that bible passages have a deeper meaning

Church (Ecclesia)

a group called by God for a purpose, not just a building

Atonement in Matthew

Jesus did not come to be served but to serve and give his life as a ransom
Institution of the Lords supper given for many
Torn temple veil shows the way to God is now open

Inclusio

bracketing
Matthew
Jesus's Emanuel God with us

Great Commission

Jesus' final command, to make disciples of all nations by baptizing them

Lukan Prologue

Luke's introduction, explaining he's writing a historical account of Jesus' life based on eyewitness reports to provide certainty about the Christian message

Theophilus

rich Parton who allows and supports

Magnigicat

A prayer of praise for Jesus by Mary

Benedictus

Song of thanksgiving by Zechariah when his son, John the Baptist, was circumcised

Luke and the Poor

Talks about Jesus' mission to help the poor, sick, etc. Showing in God's kingdom the humble are praised and the rich are judged.

Prayer in Luke

an ongoing conversation with Jesus, aligning your life with God not just getting wishes granted

Feasting in Luke

feasting is a big deal, showing God's Kingdom is a huge, joyful party that he throws, inviting everyone, not just the religious

Atonement in Luke

Bread and wine are Jesus' body given to others

Parable of the Good Samaritan

a "neighbor" is anyone in need, regardless of their race, religion, or social status, and that love and compassion should be shown to all

Logos

Greek word for word, reason, or speech

Temple Cleansing in John

Jesus entered the temple and saw people selling animals, Jesus turned it back into a place of worship

The Book of Signs

Gospel of John (chapters 1:19 through 12:50), which shows seven miracles performed by Jesus to prove he is the Son of God
(Water to wine, walking on water, healing blind, etc.)

The Book of Glory

explains Jesus' final hours, showing His death and resurrection as His ultimate glorification, where He prepares disciples, prays for them, endures crucifixion, and rises, revealing God's presence and power,

I Am Statements

1. I am the bread of life
2. light of the world
3. the gate
4. the good shepherd
5. the resurrection and the life
6. the way, the truth, and the life
7. the true vine

The Disciple whom Jesus Loved

John

Atonement in John

behold the lamp of God who takes away the sins of the world, bronze serpent, God is lifted and crucified on the cross at the same time the lambs are being killed

Luke and Acts

Volume 1 & 2 of the same work, build on each other, know this because of theophilus

Act's Mission Statement

for the Church to be His witnesses spreading the Gospel from Jerusalem to the ends of the earth, making disciples and bringing people into God's kingdom

Day of Pentecost

Acts 2, when the Holy Spirit came to Jesus' followers empowering them to speak in other languages, which amazed crowds in Jerusalem and led to many believing in Jesus, marking the birth of the Christian Church.

Paul and his Damascus Road Experience

Acts, light from heaven struck Paul, and the voice asked, "Why do you persecute me?". This blinded him for three days, led to his baptism and calling by a disciple in Damascus, and transformed him from persecutor to the Apostle Paul

The Jerusalem Council

a meeting of Christian leaders, to resolve the issue of whether Gentile converts to Christianity needed to follow Jewish law, circumcision. They decided that salvation comes through grace by faith in Jesus, not through following the Law

Ending of Acts

ends abruptly with the Paul under house arrest in Rome, teaching about Jesus and the Kingdom of God

Parousia

1st Thessalonians
Greek for warrior official
used as the return of Christ

Sophist

group of philosophers
1 & 2 Corinthians
promoting themselves and their own glory

Paul's Collection

project where Paul gathered money from his new, churches to give to the struggling Jewish Christian church, demonstrating unity. It was an act of solidarity showing that God worked among Gentiles and unified both groups in Christ

Judaizers

People who wanted the Gentiles to be circumcised to become Jesus followers

Galatians and Thanksgiving

Paul can't find anything to be thankful for, frustrated that Galatians are abandoning the Gospel
Thanksgiving= Part of the normal letter

Peter and Paul in Antioch

circumcision is not really needed

Edict of Claudius

An order that expelled all Jews from the city of Rome

Justification

you are declared "right" with God not by your own good deeds, but by trusting in Jesus Christ's perfect life and sacrifice

"Faithfulness of Christ"

Jesus was perfectly loyal and trustworthy and never gives up

Romans and Christian Unity

Jews and Gentiles are united as one person

Philippians and Citizenship

The city of Philippi was proud of the fact that it was a Roman colony and that its citizens held Roman citizenship

Philippians and Financial Gift

An act of spiritual worship that grows faith and eternal rewards

Contents of Philemon

1. a letter Paul wrote to Philemon
2. Christian slave owner, asking to forgive and welcome back the runaway slave as a brother in Christ

Disputed Pauline Epistles/Deutero-Paulines

New Testament letters to Paul

Household Codes

sets of instruction regarding the appropriate roles of individuals in relationships such as wife-husband, slave-master, and child-parent

Ephesians as a Circular Letter

Not only for the church, ment to be passed to all churches, explaining the Gospels power

Man of Lawlessness and the Restrainer

Man of Lawlessness= Antichrist, power figure who will oppose God
Restrainer is a mysterious entity (maybe Holy Spirit or Church) holding back the man of lawlessness

Pastoral Epistles

1 & 2 Timothy, Titus
3 letters by Paul- addressed to specific people to lead churches

Melchizedek

King of Salem, gives Abraham bread, wine, and a blessing

Allegory of the Cave

Plato, represents humanity's limited view of reality instead of true forms

Eternal in Hebrews

Jesus's unending redemption and life

James and Jesus

James is Jesus's brother (half)

Message of James

Genuine faith is demonstrated through good works and wise actions

Group Identity in 1 Peter

"chosen strangers" who are part of God's new family and are distinct from the rest of the world

Literary Relationship of Jude and 2 Peter

both call out false teachers using similar imagery and Old Testament examples

Message of Jude and 2 Peter

Warning believers about the serious threat of false teachers

Docetism

Ancient Christian heresy, Jesus only seen to be human, anyone who accepts this is considered an antichrist
John 1 & 2

John's view on the antichrist

He see it as any person or spirit denying Jesus is the Christ who came in the flesh

Apocalyptic Literature

Genre, means unveiling or revealing, not technically about the end of the world- generally about things looking bad and how God allowed that

Revelation as Apocalypse

Written during Roman persecution, earthly kingdoms may overrule God but God will overrule them

Mark of the Beast

Revelation 13
Sign of loyalty to the antichrist and a counterfeit to God's seal

Message of Revelation

God will always win

What book is a conflict between Peter and Paul?

Galatians