sociology- families key words

latency

societies ability to maintain and pass on cultural patterns, values and norms to future generations

manifest function

intended social function of of an institution

latent function

unintended social function of an institution

households

people who share an accommodation as their main residence and share at least one meal a day together or at least one living accommodation

family

a group consisting of parents and children living in the same household

serial monogamy

date many people one after the other in a short period of time

reconstructed/ blended family

children from a previous marriage

conjugal roles

roles played by the female and male partners in the home, gendered roles

segregated conjugal roles

clear division between male and female roles in the home

joint conjugal roles

few divisions in male and female roles in the home

march the progress approach

families are slowly becoming more equal and democratic as society is moving in this direction

dual burden

mothers have the responsibility of childcare and most labour and fathers only help out

triple shift

women have 3 roles, employment, domestic work and emotional work

cultural/ ecological explanation to gender divisions

women do what they always done as its expected and patriarchal norms and values are reinforced

material/ economic explanation to gender divisions

women usually get paid less then men so do more domestic work whilst men invest more time in paid work

husband controlled pooling

money shared but husband has the dominant role in deciding how it is spent

wife controlled pooling

money shared but wife has the dominant role in deciding how it is spent

husband control

when husband is main or only wage earner, wife usually gets housekeeping money

wife control

common in wc low income families, wife manages money as it is a burden not a privilege

seperateness

perception of childhood as a distinct stage in life

social blurring

little differences between adults and childhood, exposed to similar things and they act dress, speak like adults

loss of information hierarchy

adults could control what and when access information

acting up

doing what adults do, not what children should be doing

acting down

reverting to more childish behaviours

demography

study of populations, includes factors affecting size and growth

natural change

number of births- number of deaths

net migration

number immigrating into a country- number emigrating from it

birth rate

number of live births per 1000 of a population per year

total fertility rate

aerage number of children women has in fertile years

dependency ratio

relationship between size of working population and non working population

death rate

number of deaths per 1000 of the population per year

life expectancy

how long, on average, a person born in a given year can expect to live

emmigration

leaving the country

immigrating

moving into a country

cohabitation

unmarried couple in a sexual relationship living together

living apart together

when adults are in a significant relationship but aren’t married or cohabitating

beanpole family

extended vertically 3 or more generations

consensus perspective

social institutions meet basic needs to help people and society to survive

mode of production

how we collectively work to survive and create social life to maintain capitalism

means of production

productive forces, owned by capitalists society e.g tools, land, machinery

classelessness

means of production are owned collectively not privately

dependecy culture

people who are dependent on welfare benefits

family ideology

diff groups hold diff ideas about what families are, their purpose and importance

symmetrical family

family where the roles and responsibilities both outside and inside the home are shared equally

conflict theory

theory that says society is made up of groups with conflicting interests

consensus theory

theory that sees society as balanced

social action theory

theory that sees individuals as having free will and gives meaning to their actions, not shaped by structures of society

social control

society seeks to ensure members follow societies norms and values y controlling their behaviour

stratification

division of society into a hierarchy of unequal social groups, people lower down have lower life chances then the higher up

promiscuous horde

no restrictions on sexual relationships.

safe haven

comfort from families

pester power

child to ask parents for something until the parent agrees to the child's request

lagged adaptations

women inequalities in family even though society has adapted

age patriarchy

parents decide when the child is old enough to do things, can be too controlling or not controlling enough

gender script

roles each person does, usual traditional

warm bath theory

family takes away stress from work and refresh him for the next day

canalisation

children are directed to specifc behaviours that are seen as gender apporpaite by society/ parents

verbal appellation

Language that reinforces societial gender expecations, boys will be boys