radi 106- facial bones/sinuses/cns test

how many bones make up the facial bones

14

what is the largest immovable facial bone and each assists in the formation of three cavities of the face: mouth, nasal cavity, one orbit

maxilla

what facial bone has a centrally located body, frontal process, zygomatic process, alveolar process, palatine process, and anterior nasal spine

maxilla

what does is the large air-filled cavity in each body of the maxilla

maxillary sinus

what is where your teeth are embedded into on the maxillae

alveolar process

what is the hard palate or is where a cleft palate is

palatine process

what is located lateral to the zygomatic process of each maxilla and makes up the cheek and lower outer portion of the orbit

zygoma

what is formed by the posterior portion of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

zygomatic arch

what refers ti the prominent portion of the zygomatic bone

zygomatic bone

what is the thinnest and most fragile bones in the entire body

nasal, lacrimal

what bones are about the same size and shape of a fingernail, located anteriorly on the medial side of each orbit, and closely associated with the tear ducts

lacrimal

what are two fused bones that form the bridge of the nose, vary in size, lie anterior and superior to the frontal process of the maxillae

nasal

where are the two nasal bones and frontal bones joined

nasion

what are two thin curved bones (scroll like) located within the nasal cavity, project from the lateral walls and extend medially

inferior nasal conchae

what are the superior and middle conchae part of

ethmoid

what do all three nasal conchae do

divide into compartments, clean and warm air

what is another name for the nasal conchae

turbinates

what bones are roughly L-shaped, has a horizontal and vertical portion

palatine bones

what part of the palatine bone helps form the posterior portion of the hard palate

horizontal portion

what is a thin, triangular shaped bone, with the ethmoid bone forms the nasal septum, and the surfaces are marked by small furrow-like depressions for blood vessels

vomer

what facial bone is associated with nose bleeds

vomer

what is the largest facial bone, only moveable bone in the adult skull, starts as 2 but fuses to 1

mandible

when does the mandible fuse to become one

1

what do the angle, body, ramus, alveolar process, symphysis, mentum, mental point, mental foramina, mandibular notch, coronoid process, condyloid process, temporomandibular joint belong to

mandible

what divides the mandible into two main parts

angle

what is the area anterior to the angle of the mandible to the other angle

body

what is the area superior to the angle of the mandible

ramus

what is a ridge that extends along the entire superior portion of the body of the mandible

alveolar process

what is where the two separate bodies of the mandible join to form one (mental point)

symphysis

what is the area below the symphysis projecting forward as the chin

mentum

what is the center of the mentum

mental point

what are the passageways for nerves and blood vessels of the mandible

mental foramina

what is the U-shaped notch at the end of each ramus

mandibular notch

what is the process at the anterior end of the notch

coronoid process

what is the posterior process of the notch, has a head and a neck

condyloid process

what is where the head of the condyloid process fits into the temporomandibular fossa of the temporal bone to form this joint

temporomandibular

what facial bone is cone-shaped, bony wall structure

orbit

what is the rim of the orbit called

base

what is the most posterior portion of the orbit

apex

what is where the optic nerve passes

optic foramen

where is the optic foramen located

apex

what facial bones make up the orbits

maxilla, zygoma, lacrimal, palatine

what cranial bones make up the orbits

frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid

each orbit contains 3 openings in the posterior portion which provide passage of what

cranial nerves

what are the three openings of the orbit

optic foramen, superior /inferior orbital fissure

what opening of the orbit is located lateral tot he optic foramen (between greater and lesser wings)

superior orbital fissure

what opening of the orbit is located between maxilla, zygoma, and greater wing

inferior orbital fissure

what is the small root of bone separating the superior orbital fissure and optic canal

sphenoid strut

what joint of the facial bones is considered synovial, diarthrodial (freely movable)

tmj

what joints of the facial bones are considered fibrous, synarthodial (immovable)

sutures, teeth, mandible, maxillae

what type of fracture is a blow to the cheek resulting in the zygoma to be fractured in 3 places

tripod

what type of fracture is a severe bilateral horizontal fractures of the maxillae

leforte

what type of fracture is an injury/fracture to one side caused by an impact to the opposite side

contre-coup

what are large air-filled cavities lined with mucous membranes, divided into 4 groups

sinuses

what are the four groups of sinuses

maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid

sinuses begin to develop in the fetus but what is the only one visible at birth

maxillary

what sinuses can be seen at age 6 or 7

frontal, sphenoid

what sinuses are last to develop

ethmoid

all of the sinuses are fully developed by when

late teen years

what is the largest set of sinuses, one in each bone, shaped somewhat like a pyramid on a frontal view and lateral looks more cubic, vary in size from person to person

maxillary

the site of communication for the maxillary sinuses is an opening into the…….

middle nasal meatus passageway

what sinuses are always paired and fairly uniform in size and shape

maxillary

what sinuses are located between the inner and outer tables of the skull, posterior to the glabella, rarely uniform in size and shape, generally has two cavities separated by a septum, may have one or none at all

frontal

men generally have smaller frontal sinuses that women (t/f)

false

where are the ethmoid sinuses located in the ethmoid bone

lateral labyrinths

what sinuses are grouped into anterior, middle, and posterior collections and all intercommunicate

ethmoid

what sinuses are located medial to the walls of the orbits

ethmoid

what sinuses lie in the body of a bone directly below the sella turcica, usually divided by a septum

sphenoid

the sphenoid sinuses lie close to the floor of the cranium which can sometimes result in a……..

sphenoid effusion

what is a sphenoid effusion evidence of

basal skull fx

the sphenoid sinuses drain into the back of the nose through an opening called the……….

ostium

the pathways of communication between the sinuses (for drainage) make up the………

osteomeatal complex

when the osteomeatal complex becomes obstructed what happens

sinusitis

what is the order of the passageways where the maxillary sinuses drain

infundibulum, middle nasal meatus, inferior nasal meatus

what is the order of the drainage of the ethmoid and frontal sinuses

ethmoid bulla, middle nasal meatus, inferior nasal meatus

what are the three main portions of the temporal bones

squamous, mastoid, petrous

where are the organs of hearing and balance found

petrous portion of temporal bone

what division of the ear begins with the auricle/pinna on each side of the head, along with the tragus

external

where is the mastoid tip located in relation to the EAM

posterior, inferior

where is the styloid process located in relation to the EAM

inferior, anterior

the ear canal narrows slightly as it meets what

tympanic membrane

what division of the ear is irregularly shaped, air containing cavity

middle

what are the three main parts of the middle ear

tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles, tympanic cavity

what are the two parts of the tympanic cavity

tympanic cavity proper, attic

what is a sharp bony projection which separates the eam from the attic

drum crest, spur

the tympanic cavity communicates anteriorly with the ________ by way of the __________

nasopharynx, eustachian tube

what serves as a way to equalize pressure from within the middle ear to the outside air

eustachian tube

what is the middle ear equalizing to prevent damage to the ear drum

ears popping

where do certain auditory and facial nerves and blood vessels pass through here

internal acoustic meatus

what is a passageway between the middle ear and the nasopharynx (4 cm long)

eustachian tube

a second direct communication into the middle ear occurs posterior to what

mastoid air cells

what is the opening between the attic and the mastoid portion of the temporal bone

aditus

what is the large chamber that connects with the aditus and connects with various air cells

antrum

what is the thin plate of bone preventing infection to spread into the brain (encephalitis)

tegman tympani

how many bones make up the auditory ossicles

3

what are the three small bones in the middle ear in order outer to inner ear

malleus, incus, stapes

which auditory ossicle means “hammer”

malleus

which auditory ossicle means “anvil”

incus

which auditory ossicle is the smallest, shaped like stirrups

stapes

what is the membrane that the stapes is connected to that leads to the inner ear

oval window