Population Distribution and Composition

These flashcards cover important vocabulary and key concepts related to population distribution and composition, focusing on demographic metrics and the factors influencing them.

Population Pyramid

A graph that shows the age-sex distribution of a given population.

Carrying Capacity

The maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely.

Physiological Density

The total number of people per unit of arable land.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

The number of deaths in a given year per 1,000 people in the population.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

The average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years.

Dependency Ratio

The ratio of the number of dependents (aged 0-14 and over 65) to the working-age population (aged 15-64).

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

The number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births.

Population Density

The number of people living per unit of area, typically expressed as people per square mile or kilometer.

Cultural Factors

Social norms and practices that influence population trends, including attitudes toward family and gender roles.

Economic Factors

Conditions related to the economy that influence population distribution, such as job availability and income levels.

Environmental Factors

Natural conditions affecting population distribution, such as climate, landforms, and availability of resources.

Migration

The movement of people from one place to another, which can significantly affect population distribution.

Urbanization

The process by which an increasing percentage of a population comes to live in urban areas.

Age-Sex Distribution

A demographic profile showing the distribution of various age groups in a population, divided by sex.

Alluvial Soil

Soil deposited by rivers, useful for agriculture due to its rich nutrient content.

Cultural Preference

Societal biases toward certain traits, such as gender, that can affect birth rates and population statistics.

Climate Change

Long-term alterations in temperature and typical weather patterns in a place, influencing habitat and population dynamics.

Arable Land

Land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops, crucial for food production.

Natural Resources

Materials found in nature that are used by humans, such as water, minerals, and forests.

Population Growth Rate

The rate at which the number of individuals in a population increases in a given time period, influenced by birth rates but not immigration.