Cytology Part 3

A series of flashcards covering key concepts related to cytology, focusing on cell structures, their functions, and cellular inclusions.

Cell Centre

Discovered by Hertwig in 1875, consists of two centrioles surrounded by achroplasm.

Centriole

A cylindrical structure composed of nine sets of three microtubules, appearing as short rods or granules near the nucleus.

Microtubules

Slender, tubular structures with a diameter of about 25nm, composed of the protein tubulin, involved in maintaining cell shape, cell division, and intracellular transport.

Microfilaments

Filamentous structures 4 to 15 nm in diameter, involved in cell rigidity, movement, and transport, including actin filaments and myosin filaments.

Cilia

Mobile processes on cell surfaces, primarily found in epithelial cells, that function to move fluids over the cell surface.

Central body (axoneme)

The structure of cilia composed of nine peripheral doublets and two central microtubules.

Cell Inclusions

Accumulations of metabolites or cell products, including stored foods like fat, glycogen, and various pigments.

Achroplasm

Amorphous material surrounding centrioles in the cell centre.

Basal body

The structure where centrioles migrate to the cell surface to form the base of a cilium.

Intermediate microfilaments

Present in nerve cell processes and involved in the formation of keratin in epithelial tissues.