Chapter 19 - Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery

For which would the surgical technologist prepare a tumescent solution?

a. abdominoplasty

b. liposuction

c. mastopexy

d. syndactyly release

b. liposuction

The dermis and epidermis are components of which body system?

a. cardiovascular

b. integumentary

c. musculoskeletal

d. respiratory

b. integumentary

Which epidermal stratum is present only on the palms of hands and soles of feet?

a. basale

b. corneum

c. granulosum

d. lucidum

d. lucidum

Which epidermal stratum is the outermost layer?

a. basale

b. corneum

c. granulosum

d. lucidum

b. corneum

Which of the following are oil-producing glands?

a. apocrine

b. ceruminous

c. merocrine

d. sebaceous

d. sebaceous

What is the name of the oil that is secreted from glands in the skin?

a. sebum

b. septum

c. sputum

d. stratum

a. sebum

Which type of gland is found only in the ear canal and is responsible for the creation of ear wax?

a. apocrine

b. ceruminous

c. merocrine

d. sebaceous

b. ceruminous

How many degree classifications of skin burns are there?

a. two

b. three

c. four

d. five

c. four

In which degree of skin burn does the tissue appear as pearly white or charred and will likely require debridement of eschar?

a. first

b. second

c. third

d. fourth

c. third

Split-thickness skin grafts are used to cover which type of burned tissue?

a. erythematous first-degree burns

b. denuded areas of third-degree burns

c. blistered superficial second-degree burns

d. charred necrotic tissue in fourth-degree burns

b. denuded areas of third-degree burns

The rule of nines is used in burn patients to estimate:

a. body surface area burned

b. depth of tissue destruction

c. length of estimated healing time

d. protocols for burn dressing changes

a. body surface area burned

What is the term for the process of removing necrotic tissue or eschar prior to skin grafting?

a. debridement

b. defacement

c. degradation

d. dessication

a. debridement

Which glands are found only in the external genitalia and axillae?

a. apocrine

b. ceruminous

c. merocrine

d. sebaceous

a. apocrine

What does a mesh graft device do?

a. It attaches a skin graft to the donor site.

b. It expands the size of the skin graft.

c. It slices a split thickness of donor skin.

d. It smoothes the skin graft to prevent bunching up.

b. It expands the size of the skin graft.

Which of the following statements regarding routine prepping for skin graft procedures is CORRECT?

a. Donor site is prepped first and considered clean.

b. Donor site is prepped last and considered contaminated.

c. Recipient site is prepped first and considered contaminated.

d. Recipient site is prepped last and considered

a. Donor site is prepped first and considered clean.

Any of the following may be used topically for hemostasis of the STSG donor site EXCEPT:

a. epinephrine

b. mineral oil

c. phenylephrine

d. thrombin

b. mineral oil

Relaxation and hypertrophy of the eyelid skin is also known as:

a. arthrodesis

b. cheiloschisis

c. dermachalasis

d. micrognathia

c. dermachalasis

Cheiloplasty and palatoplasty are corrective procedures for which of the following?

a. breast prolapse

b. cleft lip and palate

c. conjoined fingers

d. drooping and baggy eyelids

b. cleft lip and palate

Which term describes the palmar surface of the hand?

a. dorsal

b. radial

c. volar

d. ulnar

c. volar

Which term describes the thumb side of the hand?

a. dorsal

b. radial

c. volar

d. ulnar

b. radial

Which anatomical area is a TRAM flap used to reconstruct?

a. breast

b. hand

c. lip

d. palate

a. breast

What is the term for webbed digits of the hand or foot?

a. contracture

b. dermachalasis

c. polydactyly

d. syndactyly

d. syndactyly

Submalar augmentation is performed to address structural deficiency in the:

a. breasts

b. cheeks

c. eyes

d. nares

b. cheeks

Which procedure is performed for dermachalasis?

a. abdominoplasty

b. blepharoplasty

c. mentoplasty

d. otoplasty

b. blepharoplasty

Which cosmetic procedure is performed for micrognathia?

a. abdominoplasty

b. blepharoplasty

c. mentoplasty

d. otoplasty

c. mentoplasty

The mandibular symphysis is better known as the:

a. chin

b. lower lip

c. upper lip

d. nasal septum

a. chin

The pinna, helix, crus, and tragus are all portions of the:

a. ear

b. eye

c. hand

d. nose

a. ear

For which procedure would the surgical technologist possibly need a second setup for obtaining a costal cartilage graft?

a. cleft lip repair

b. otoplasty for microtia

c. TRAM flap reconstruction

d. fasciectomy for Dupuytren's contracture

b. otoplasty for microtia

Which type of scissors would most likely be used to trim a full-thickness skin graft (FTSG) to size?

a. bandage

b. Jorgenson

c. reverse Potts

d. tenotomy

d. tenotomy

Which of the following letters represents the incisional configuration MOST commonly used for scar revision procedures?

a. C

b. H

c. U

d. Z

d. Z

Which type of incision is MOST frequently used to excise excess skin in a blepharoplasty procedure?

a. elliptical

b. oblique

c. paramedian

d. Z-shaped

a. elliptical

Breast ptosis is surgically corrected by:

a. malar implants

b. mastopexy

c. mentoplasty

d. marsupialization

b. mastopexy

In which procedure would the procerus and corrugator muscles be ablated, avulsed, resected, or separated?

a. augmentation mammoplasty

b. tumescent liposuction

c. endoscopic brow lift

d. mentoplasty

c. endoscopic brow lift

Which of the following terms is more commonly referred to as a full facelift?

a. blepharoplasty

c. cheiloplasty

c. mentoplasty

d. rhytidectomy

d. rhytidectomy

Which method of anesthesia is preferred for rhytidectomy procedures?

a. Bier block

b. epidural

c. monitored (MAC)

d. topical

c. monitored (MAC)

"Cupid's bow" is reconstructed in which of the following procedures?

a. cleft lip repair

b. malar implants

c. nipple recreation

d. syndactyly release

a. cleft lip repair

For which procedure would the surgeon require a sterile tattoo machine and inks?

a. cleft lip repair

b. endoscopic brow lift

c. nipple reconstruction

d. reduction mammoplasty

c. nipple reconstruction

A full-thickness skin graft may be taken from the inner thigh or labial fold to re-create which area?

a. areola

b. Cupid's bow

c. mammary crease

d. umbilicus

a. areola

Crescent, Benelli, and Benelli-lollipop lifts are techniques used during:

a. mastopexy

b. rhinoplasty

c. rhytidectomy

d. blepharoplasty

a. mastopexy

Anchor-shaped incisions with joining of tissue envelope folds are performed in which procedure?

a. centralization of radial dysplasia

b. cheiloplasty

c. mastopexy

d. rhinoplasty

c. mastopexy

Which of the following might be used for stabilization in a Dupuytren's contracture release if an assistant is unavailable?

a. Derma-carrier

b. K-wires

c. lead hand

d. Senn retractors

c. lead hand

Which cranial nerve must NOT be compromised by retractor placement during rhytidectomy?

a. fifth (V) - trigeminal

b. sixth (VI) - abducens

c. seventh (VII) - facial

d. eighth (VIII) - vestibulocochlear

c. seventh (VII) - facial

Which position should facial procedure patients maintain postoperatively to minimize edema?

a. prone

b. lateral

c. strict supine

d. head elevated

d. head elevated

When would a congenital facial deformity likely occur?

a. at conception

b. first trimester

c. second trimester

d. third trimester

b. first trimester

Which type of suture would MOST likely be used during a cleft lip repair?

a. fine absorbable

b. heavy absorbable

c. fine nonabsorbable

d. heavy nonabsorbable

a. fine absorbable

Which of the following bones make up the palm of the hand?

a. carpals

b. metacarpals

c. phalanges

d. radii

b. metacarpals

Approximately how many muscles and their tendons control movement of the wrist, hand, and fingers?

a. 20

b. 30

c. 40

d. 50

c. 40

Which nerves pass through the carpel tunnel?

a. median

b. peroneal

c. radial

d. ulnar

a. median

Which of the following order of steps for replantation of a digit is CORRECT?

a. tendons, vessels, nerves, then bones

b. nerves, vessels, bones, then tendons

c. vessels, tendons, bones, then nerves

d. bones, tendons, vessels, then nerves

d. bones, tendons, vessels, then nerves

Vessel loops are available in all of the following colors EXCEPT:

a. green

b. red

c. white

d. yellow

a. green

What suturing technique would the surgeon use to attach tendons in a toe-to-thumb transfer procedure?

a. horizontal mattress

b. figure of eight

c. purse-string

d. vertical mattress

b. figure of eight

Which of the following terms means the surgical fixation of a joint, eventually resulting in intentional bone fusion?

a. anastomosis

b. ankylosis

c. arthrodesis

d. arthroplasty

c. arthrodesis

What is the medical term for the congenital deformity commonly called "club hand"?

a. carpal tunnel syndrome

b. Dupuytren's contracture

c. polydactyly

d. radial dysplasia

d. radial dysplasia

A patient scheduled for centralization of radial dysplasia would be about what age?

a. neonate

b. 12 months old

c. 10 years old

d. 21 years or older

b. 12 months old

Which of the following statements describing variations of polydactyly is NOT correct?

a. The condition mainly involves the carpal and metacarpal bones.

b. The digits of the hands or feet may be involved.

c. The fifth finger duplications are the most common.

d. The duplication can be a partial digit or a complete additional digit.

a. The condition mainly involves the carpal and metacarpal bones.

Before closure in augmentation mammoplasty, what is done to verify the correct size?

a. Permanent implants are placed, and the nipple-to-nipple distance is measured for symmetry.

b. Permanent implants are placed and filled with a measured amount of saline to determine volume.

c. Temporary sizers are placed and filled with measured amounts of saline to determine volume.

d. Temporary sizers are placed and filled with saline, and the table is raised to a sitting position to evaluate the appearance.

d. Temporary sizers are placed and filled with saline, and the table is raised to sitting position to evaluate appearance.

All of the following are locations for incision in augmentation mammoplasty EXCEPT:

a. periareolar

b. subclavicular

c. axillary crease

d. inframammary crease

b. subclavicular

How would a transverse rectus abdomens musculocutaneous flap be classified?

a. free-flap graft

b. pedicle-flap graft

c. full-thickness skin graft

d. split-thickness skin graft

b. pedicle-flap graft

Why would two separate setups be required for immediate reconstruction following mastectomy?

a. to prevent confusion because multiple surgeons will work simultaneously

b. to prevent the potential for retained foreign objects in the wounds

c. to prevent overcrowding of the back table with multiple trays

d. to prevent the seeding of cancer cells if the same instruments are used for both

d. to prevent seeding of cancer cells if same instruments are used for both

Which sterile device will be used during TRAM flap reconstruction to verify the blood supply of the graft remains intact?

a. Doppler probe

b. manometer

c. pulse oximeter

d. stethoscope

a. Doppler probe

Which of the following is NOT a type of liposuction?

a. electrosurgery

b. laser

c. tumescent

d. ultrasonic

a. electrosurgery

Which muscles are tightened in an abdominoplasty procedure?

a. transversus abdominis

b. rectus abdominis

c. latissimus dorsi

d. pectoralis major

b. rectus abdominis

Under which muscle is the pocket for breast implant often created for greatest support?

a. internal oblique

b. latissimus dorsi

c. pectoralis major

d. serratus anterior

c. pectoralis major

Which type of specialized retractor enhances visualization in many breast and abdominoplasty procedures?

a. Bookwalter

b. fiber-optic

c. Greenberg

d. Weitlaner

b. fiber-optic

Which type of grafted tissue would have skin sensation preserved?

a. free flap

b. full-thickness

c. pedicle flap

d. split-thickness

c. pedicle flap

T/F:

Plastic and reconstructive surgeries must be done only after an individual has stopped growing, due to potential changes in the anatomy of younger patients

F

T/F:

Patients with cleft palates may have difficulty sucking, swallowing, or forming sounds

T

T/F:

Incisions made for endoscopic brow lifts and rhytidectomy are often placed within the hairline for camouflage

T

T/F:

Abdominoplasty procedures cannot be performed on patients who have undergone cesarean sections, due to excessive adhesions in the lower abdomen

F

T/F:

Severed digits should be kept tightly covered and warm to prevent clot formation and necrosis, preventing replantation

F