APUSH Period 1

Encomienda System

Spanish settlers extracted labor and tribute from Natives in return for protection and religious conversion

Plains Indians

Witchita, Sioux, and Comanche who were nomadic, living in teepees, riding horses, and hunting Bison

Maize

Corn that was cultivated by Natives + spread to Europe

Pueblo

Natives in the Southwestern US, living in adobe houses

Mayas

(300-800 AD) built remarkable cities in rain forests on the Yucatan Peninsula (Central America). Knowledge in astronomy + math

Incas

In Peru, had a vast South American Empire (military)

Aztecs

Power with Tenochtitlan capitol + 20,000 people (central America)

Hernan Cortes

Spanish conquistador who lead the expedition to overthrow the Aztecs. Captured Tenochtitlan (1521)

Francisco Pizarro

Spanish conquistador who led the expedition that conquered the Inca Empire and founded Lima, Peru

Treaty of Tordesillas

The pope drew a line that went through Brazil, giving Spain land (west) and Portugal land (east)

Iroquois Confederation

Alliance of 6 native groups in the NY area

Bartolome de Las Cases

Early Spanish historian who exposed the cruel treatment of natives at the hands of Europeans (slavery)

Great Basin

Longhouses/plank houses, totempoles, and mountains (Pacific)

Great Plains

Nomadic hunters lived in teepees and ate Bison/Corn (Maize)