Personality study guide

Personally 

A person’s natural patterns of thinking and behaving

what causes personality differences?

Psychoanalytic, Humanistic, Social-cognitive, Trait theories

frauds 3 levels of awareness #1

Conscious Mind- present awareness, thoughts you are feeling right now

frauds 3 levels of awareness #2

Preconscious Mind- hidden but accessible, stored info that can be easily retrieved

frauds 3 levels of awareness #3

Unconscious Mind- completely hidden cannot he accessed voluntarily 

Ego (Conscious)

Excutive mediator

Superego (Preconscious)

internalized ideals

Id (Unconscious)

Unconscious psychiatric energy

Id information

present at birth, Immediate gratification - no rules, no patience, life instincts- survival and pleasure.

Ego information

Develops in infancy (1 years old), Finds ways to satisfy the Id, Operates on the Reality Principle, and Balances instincts vs. rules

Super Ego info

Develops in early childhood (ages 3–5), Teaches rules, values, and gender roles, Found mostly in conscious & preconscious mind, and Operates on the Morality Principle — seeks perfection

Defense Mechanisms

Unconscious tricks that twist reality to protect us from anxiety or guilt

Repression

Unknowingly placing an unpleasant memory or thought in the unconscious

projection 

blaming others for your own thoughts or feelings 

Denial

refusing to acknowledge a situation (lying)

Erogenous zone 

The body part that’s the focus of pleasure during a specific stage in life.

fixation

Some of the Id’s pleasure-seeking energy gets “stuck” at a stage instead of moving on, which can affect personality later.

Oral stage

brith to 1.5 y/o and focus is Sucking, biting, and chewing

Anal stage

1.5- 3 y/o focus on Bowel retention and elimination

Phallic stage

3-6 y/o focus on gender roles and sense of morality 

Latency stage

6 to peburity focus on Cognitive and social development

Genital

puberty to adulthood- focus on relationships and intimacy

Anal-Retentive Personality

develops when a child reacts to harsh toilet training by withholding bowel movements to “get even” with parents

Anal-Expulsive Personality

results when a child rebels against harsh toilet training by having bowel movements whenever and wherever they wish