Lab 14: blood gas and pH homeostasis

What 3 variables do the chemoreceptors involved in ventilation measure?

CO2, PH, O2 levels

Who is the first to respond? Second? Third?

first responder: buffers

second responder: respiratory system

third responder: renal system

When would the respiratory rate be the origin of an acidosis or alkalosis?

if CO2 levels changing caused the problem

What happens when RR or ventilation goes down?

you retain CO2 and cause an acidosis

What happens when RR or ventilation goes up?

you get rid of too much CO2 and cause an alkalosis

When would an alkalosis or acidosis have a metabolic origin?

if anything besides respiratory or change in respiratory rate caused the problem

What will cause an increase in ventilation?

decrease O2, increase CO2, decrease pH

What happens to blood pH when CO2 waste enters the blood?

pH decreases because CO2 is an acid

What is the different in the manipulations between series 1 and series 2?

in series 1 compensation is being allowed to occur and in series 2 compensation is being prevented from occuring

What is infused in series 3? What acid/base imbalance does that cause?

bicarbonate, causes metabolic alkalosis

What is done to the respiratory rate in series 5? What acid/base imbalance does that cause?

respiratory rate increases, causes respiratory alkalosis

Examine the pH and CO2 values at the end of series 1. Could the observed CO2 level have induced pH change that occurred in this experiment?

Decreased pH and CO2 levels, no because this was a metabolic acidosis. pH caused the low CO2 levels so the respiratory system was able to compensate by increasing ventilation

What is providing compensation in series 1?

respiratory system

Why is the pH change different in series 1 and series 2?

because there is no compensation in series 2

Could the CO2 change observed in series 3 have induced the observed pH change?

pH and CO2 both increased, no because this was a metabolic alkalosis because they were given too much of a base

Could the CO2 change observed in series 4 have induced the observed pH change?

increased CO2 and decreased pH, yes this is a respiratory acidosis

Could the CO2 change observed in series 5 have induced the observed pH change?

decreased CO2 and increased pH, yes this is a respiratory alkalosis

R.O.M.E

Respiratory Opposite Metabolic Equal

A decreased pH caused: ________ HCO3-, __________ respiratory rate, then __________ CO2

decreased HCO3-, increased respiratory. rate, decreased CO2

An increased level of HCO3- caused: ________ pH, __________ respiratory rate, then __________ CO2

increased pH, decreased respiratory. rate, increased CO2

A decrease in respiratory rate caused: ________ CO2, __________ pH, then __________ HCO3-

increased CO2, decreased pH, increased HCO3-

A increase in respiratory rate caused: ________ CO2, __________ pH, then __________ HCO3-

decreased CO2, increased pH, decreased HCO3-

What pH, CO2, and rest. rate changes would be expected after an infusion of an acid?

decreased pH then increased respiratory rate then decreased CO2

Barbiturate abuse can suppress respiration. How would this affect blood pH and carbon dioxide levels?

decreased respiratory rate then increased CO2 then decreased pH