THE ROYAL SUPREMACY

What is the focus of the 1529 parliament?

bill of particulars given out, Wolsey effectively exiled to York, clergy legal privileges removed, very anti-clerical and anti Wolsey

What is Caesaro Papism?

Henry’s aim to establish a sovereign empire in which he is both emperor and Pope

What is the Collectanea Satis Copiosa?

Henry instructs Cranmer, Foxe and Christoper St German to find historical, theological and religious evidence backing up his right to Caesaro papism and they find it and put it in this book

What examples went into the Collectanea Satis Copiosa?

issues between Henry II and Beckett

What is the first step to royal supremacy?

Collectanea Satis Copiosa

What is Henry’s aim with the Collectanea Satis Copiosa

backlash after being summoned to Rome and aimed to blackmail the Pope (Henry still wants the Pope’s approval)

What was the entire church charged with in 1530?

Praemunire, which was unusual as it had been accepted that the english church followed the Pope

When was Thomas More made lord Chancellor, why was this unusual?

1529, as he had a clear anti divorce stance

What did More do in regards to the divorce?

spoke out once but never did again, resigns in 1532 following the submission of the clergy allowing Cromwell to fully take over

Why is More executed?

he didn’t take the oath of supremacy and was executed in July 1535

On what condition did More accept the role as lord Chancellor?

that he would have nothing to do with the great matter

Who did John Fisher support, why was this unusual?

Catherine of Aragon, stands up for her at Blackfriars, the only bishop to side with her

What was Fisher’s fate, why?

wouldn’t take the 1531 oath and in June 1535 was condemned to execution under the new treason act

Who was William Tyndale?

An english protestant, who fled to the netherlands and wrote the obedience of the christian man in 1528

What was important about Tyndale’s book?

Anne gave it to Henry in 1529 (dangerous as it is heretical literature) but Henry likes it as it says Kings shouldnt be subject to the Pope

What does Henry say about Tyndale’s book?

this book is for me and for all kings to read

How did Henry use parliament to his advantage?

opens it to help with divorce then is eventually used for the break with Rome. Cromwell is Henry’s spokesperson and parliament only ever passed laws the King agreed to

What were the 3 factions after Wolsey, what is important to remember about them?

Aragonese, Boleyn Conservative and Boleyn Radical, these were not contemporary ideas they were made by historians

Who was part of the aragonese faction?

Catherine of Aragon, Bishop Fisher and Thomas More

Who was in the Boleyn Conservative faction?

Norfolk and Thomas Boleyn

Who was in the Boleyn radical faction?

George Boleyn, Anne Boleyn

How did Cromwell gain favour with the King?

worked in Wolsey’s household until 1529 and came to the attention of the king through his administrative capabilities

Where was Cromwell by 1532 and then by 1533?

On Henry’s inner council and then his leading minister

What did Cromwell do in regards to the divorce?

behind the dissolution of the monastries, english Bible (1538)

What does Elton say about Cromwell?

he brought about the revolution in governmnent

What does Henry make Cromwell, what does this mean?

Vice Gerent In Spirituals (allowing Cromwell to control religious policy)

Where did Cromwell live when he was young, what did this mean?

the netherlands, likely came into contact with new religious ideas

When is Cromwell made a member of the privy council

1530

What did Cranmer do for Henry in 1530?

toured the european universities gathering support

What did Cranmer do in 1533?

became archbishop of Canterbury

What did Cranmer do in 1533?

he pronounced Henry’s first marriage null and void

Should Cranmer have been Archbishop?

No, not a natural succesor to Warham but was favoured by Anne Boleyn

How did Cranmer first come to prominence?

A Boleyn client so rose with Anne

What religious beliefs did Cranmer have?

a reformer and favoured the english bible believing in greater accesibilty to the scriptures

How did Cranmer’s wife reach England?

smuggled in a box

Why did Cranmer have a beard?

the catholic church taught that men should be clean shaven

What was Cranmer’s fate?

burnt by Mary

Who was Cranmer prominent under?

Edward VI

What does Cranmer announce about Henry and Anne?

the validity of their marriage

When was the submission of the clergy?

15th May 1532

What did the submission of the clergy mean?

Henry had control over canon law, existing laws to be investigated by a royal committee (supporters of Henry)

Why did Henry feel that the submission of the clergy was needed?

realisation they were not loyal to him following the supplication of the bishops

What are the 1531 convocation of Canterbury told by henry?

the king will withdraw charges of praemunare if the convocation gave Henry £180,000 and acknowledge Henry as the sole protector and supreme head of the church of England

What conclusion did the Canterbury Convocation come to?

Fisher negotiated and agreed to deliver the payment over 5 years and add the clause ‘as far as the law of christ allows’ to Henry’s title (which is now subjective?

Throughout the divorce, why was Henry so desperate for money?

Worried about an attack from Charles V

What are the 1531 convocation of York told by henry?

same terms but only fined £18,000 as York was smaller, resulted in the pardon of the clergy and was confirmed by parliament in February 1531

What is the second step to the break with Rome?

the York and canterbury convocations

When is the supplication against the ordinaries?

1532

What is the third step to the break with Rome?

supplication against the ordinaries

What is the supplication against the ordinaries?

claiming that the church was corrupt and should not have it’s laws and courts, likely organised by Cromwell

After Henry demanded the Bishops respond to the supplication, what was their response?

rejected it and recalled the ancient right of the church to its own independent canon law

What was Henrys response to the Bishop’s response to the supplication?

declared the convocation had to agree he had the right to govern the church as he did the state as agreed when they had accepted his title

What was Henrys speech to the Bishop’s response to the supplication?

the clergy be but half our subjects, yea and scarce our subjects