I-4B Bone Tissue & Bone Growth with Endochondral Ossification

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and definitions related to bone tissue, bone growth, and the processes involved in ossification.

Connective Tissue

A binding tissue that connects body structures, provides support, protection, and nutrient storage.

Extracellular Matrix

The non-cellular component present within all tissues and organs, providing structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells.

Osteocytes

Bone cells located in lacunae within the extracellular matrix of bone.

Endochondral Ossification

A process where bone develops by replacing hyaline cartilage.

Epiphyseal Plate

Region of growing tissue near the ends of long bones where new bone develops.

Hyaline Cartilage

A type of connective tissue with a glossy, smooth appearance, found in the joints and the respiratory tract.

Fibroblast

A type of cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen, helping in wound healing.

Compact Bone

Dense bone tissue that provides strength and structure.

Spongy Bone

Bone tissue with a porous structure; found at the ends of long bones and in the interior of others.

Osteoclasts

Large, multinucleated cells that resorb bone tissue and help in the remodeling process.

Remodeling

The process by which old bone is replaced by new bone, maintaining bone strength and integrity.

Bone Disorders

Medical conditions affecting bone density and structure, like Osteoporosis and Osteogenesis imperfecta.

Calcification

The process of laying down calcium salts in the bones, leading to increased bone density.

Osteoblasts

Cells that are responsible for bone formation and secrete the bone matrix.

Trabeculae

The small, rod-like structures that make up the spongy part of bone.

Lacunae

Small spaces in the bone matrix that house osteocytes.

Nutrient Arteries

Blood vessels that supply nutrients to the bone.

Articular Cartilage

Cartilage that covers the ends of bones in synovial joints, providing a smooth surface for joint movement.

Medullary Cavity

The central cavity of bone shafts where red and yellow bone marrow is stored.

Collagen Fibers

Strong, flexible fibers that give strength to bone and other connective tissues.

Ossification Centers

Sites within the skeleton where bone development begins.

Adipose Tissue

Connective tissue that specializes in storing fat.

Chondrocytes

Cells found in cartilage that produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix.