[2024] DTQG - Chuyên Bắc Giang (R)

artefact (n)

an object made by a human being, typically one of historical or cultural interest, reflecting human creativity, skill, or activities: vật nhân tạo, cổ vật Many ~s found at the site date back to Roman times.

warder (n)

an official whose job is to guard people in a prison or to look after a particular building or place, such as an art gallery or museum: người gác, quản ngục
The prison ~ checked all the cells.

dyslexia (n)

a specific learning difficulty that primarily affects the skills involved in accurate and fluent word reading and spelling, often involving difficulties with phonological awareness, verbal memory, and speed of processing: chứng khó đọc
Children with ~ often have trouble with reading and writing.

paleontology (n)

the scientific study of life that existed in past geological periods, including plants, animals, and other organisms, based on the examination of their fossil remains to understand ancient ecosystems and evolutionary history. cổ sinh vật học
She spent her career studying ~.

quarry (n)

a large, deep pit cut out of the ground where stone or other materials such as sand or gravel are extracted for building or other industrial purposes: mỏ đá, mỏ khai thác
They opened a new limestone ~.

excavate (v)

to remove earth carefully from an area in order to find ancient objects, bones, or structures, allowing for their study and preservation: khai quật
They ~d an ancient burial site.

Cretaceous (n)

relating to the last period of the Mesozoic Era, lasting from about 145 to 66 million years ago, characterized by the dominance of dinosaurs, the appearance of flowering plants, and ending with a major mass extinction event: kỷ Phấn Trắng
Dinosaurs were common during the ~ period.

dromaeosaur (n)

a group of small to medium-sized, highly agile, carnivorous dinosaurs, often described as bird-like, known for their sharp, retractable sickle-shaped claw on each hind foot, such as Velociraptor. dromaeosaur
The Velociraptor is a type of ~.

scavenger (n)

an animal that feeds on carrion (dead and decaying flesh), refuse, or dead organic matter, playing a crucial role in the ecosystem by cleaning up the environment: động vật ăn xác thối
Vultures are well-known ~s.

predator-prey ratio (n)

the numerical relationship or proportion between the population size of predators and their prey within a given ecosystem, often used by ecologists to study population dynamics and ecosystem health: tỷ lệ giữa kẻ săn mồi và con mồi
The ~ can indicate the health of an ecosystem.

carrion (n)

the decaying flesh of dead animals, which serves as a food source for scavengers and participates in the natural decomposition process: xác thối
The fox was seen feeding on ~.

thigh bone (femur) (n)

the upper leg bone, also known as the femur, extending from the hip to the knee, which is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the human body, crucial for weight-bearing and movement: xương đùi
The ~ is the longest bone in the human body.

shin bone (tibia) (n)

the larger and stronger of the two bones in the lower leg, also known as the tibia, extending from below the knee to the ankle, which is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg: xương ống chân, xương chày
He broke his ~ in the accident.

Velociraptor (n)

a genus of small, agile, bipedal carnivorous dromaeosaurid dinosaur that lived during the late Cretaceous period, famously known for its distinctive large, sickle-shaped claw on each hind foot: velociraptor
~ was a fast and agile dinosaur.

vulture (n)

a large bird of prey characterized by its largely featherless head and neck, which feeds chiefly on carrion (the decaying flesh of dead animals), playing an important ecological role as a scavenger: con kền kền
A ~ circled above the desert.

imminent (a)

about to happen very soon, especially referring to something unwelcome or unpleasant that is likely to occur in the near future: sắp xảy ra, sắp tới
We were warned that an attack was ~.

apportioning (n)

the act of dividing and allocating something, such as blame, resources, or responsibility, among different people or groups in a fair or systematic way: phân chia, phân bổ
The committee is responsible for ~ the funds.

recontextualization (n)

the act of placing a subject, idea, or object into a new or different context, which can alter its original meaning, interpretation, or significance: tái ngữ cảnh hóa)
The artist's work involves the ~ of everyday objects.

contingent (adj.)

dependent on certain conditions or circumstances that may or may not occur; thus, possible but not certain, and often reliant on something else to happen: tùy thuộc vào, ngẫu nhiên
Our success is ~ on you getting the loan.

participatory model (n)

an approach or framework that actively involves a broad range of stakeholders, participants, or community members in a process, decision-making, or project, aiming for shared ownership and more inclusive outcomes: mô hình có sự tham gia
The project used a ~ to involve local communities.

interface (n)

a point or surface where two separate systems, subjects, or organizations meet, interact, or exchange information, facilitating communication and coordination between them: điểm giao tiếp, giao diện
The ~ between production and marketing is crucial.

shin (n)

the front part of the human lower leg, extending from below the knee to the ankle, typically referring to the bone (tibia) and the surrounding muscles: ống chân, xương ống quyển
He received a nasty blow to the ~.

Hotung Gallery (n)

a prominent gallery within the British Museum dedicated to displaying a wide range of Asian antiquities and art, from China, India, Southeast Asia, and other regions, showcasing their rich cultural heritage: Phòng trưng bày Hotung
The ancient jade collection is displayed in the ~.

dislocate (v)

to disturb or displace something from its proper position, especially referring to a bone from a joint during an injury, or generally to disrupt the normal arrangement or functioning of something: trật khớp, làm xáo trộn
He ~d his shoulder playing rugby.

graze (v.)

1. (of an animal) to eat grass or other plants in a field: gặm cỏ
   The sheep were ~ing in the field.

2. to lightly scrape or rub against something, causing slight damage to the surface (e.g., skin): làm trầy xước
   He fell and ~d his knee.

carved relief (n)

a sculptural technique in which shapes and figures are carved from a flat background, projecting into the foreground in varying degrees (high relief or low relief), often used to adorn architectural structures or create narrative scenes: phù điêu chạm khắc
The temple walls were decorated with beautiful ~s.

cleaner’s bucket (n)

a portable container, typically round and with a handle, specifically used by janitorial staff or cleaners for holding and carrying water, cleaning solutions, or other cleaning supplies: xô của người dọn dẹp)
The ~ was full of soapy water.

insight (n.)

the capacity to gain an accurate and deep understanding of a person or thing; a clear or sudden understanding of a complex problem or situation: sự thấu hiểu, cái nhìn sâu sắc
The research provides new ~ into the problem.

early warning system

a system or network designed to detect potential threats, hazards, or abnormal conditions and provide timely notification to allow individuals or authorities to take preventive action or minimize harm and damage: hệ thống cảnh báo sớm
The country needs a robust ~ for natural disasters.

sedentism (n)

the practice of residing in one place for a long period of time as an integral part of community life, rather than living a nomadic lifestyle, historically linked to the development of agriculture and permanent settlements: lối sống định cư
The development of agriculture led to increased ~.

domestication (n)

the process of selectively breeding and taming wild animals or cultivating wild plants over generations, adapting them to a life in close association with humans, typically for mutual benefit such as food, labor, or companionship: sự thuần hóa
The ~ of wild animals changed human societies.

nomad (n)

a member of a community of people who live by travelling from place to place, usually in search of pasture for livestock or food, and do not have a fixed home: người du mục
Many ancient tribes lived as ~s.

Anthropocene (n)

a proposed geological epoch, succeeding the Holocene, characterized by the significant and dominant impact of human activity on Earth's geology, ecosystems, and climate, leading to global environmental changes: Thế Anthropocene
Some scientists argue we are now living in the ~.

encroachment (n)

a gradual and usually unwelcome intrusion or infringement on a person’s territory, rights, property, or domain; also, the slow advance of something into an area where it does not belong: sự xâm lấn, lấn chiếm)
The ~ of the sea on the coastline is a serious issue.

untenable (n)

not capable of being maintained, defended, or justified against attack or objection; unable to be sustained or supported as a position or situation: không bền vững, không thể bảo vệ được
This argument is ~.

palatable (a)

pleasant or agreeable to the taste; also, acceptable or satisfactory, particularly when referring to ideas or proposals that are easy to accept or tolerate: ngon miệng, dễ chấp nhận
The food was not very ~.

gene bank (n)

a type of biorepository or facility that preserves genetic material (such as seeds, tissues, semen, or ova) of plants, animals, or other organisms, typically for long-term conservation, research, or breeding purposes, especially for biodiversity preservation: ngân hàng gen)
A ~ stores genetic material from various species.