international law test

Anarchy

A state of disorder due to absence or non-recognition of authority or other controlling systems

Bilateral agreement

An agreement between two parties in which each side agrees to fulfill their side of the bargain

International law

Rules and principles which facilitate the conduct of states and international organisations in their relations with one another

Liberalism

A political ideology centred upon the individual, thought of as possessing rights against the government.

Multilateral

Refers to agreements, treaties, or actions that involve or include multiple parties or nations

Nation

A large body of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country of territory

Ratify

Sign or give formal consent to a treaty making it officially valid

Realism

The theoretical approach that analyses all international relations as the relation of states engaged in the pursuit of power

State

A nation or territory considered as an organised political community with defined and static borders, under one government

Sovereignty

The power that a country has to govern itself or another country or state

Treaty

A formally concluded and ratified agreement between states

Peace of Westphalia

1. National self determination

2. Diplomatic resolution

3. Peaceful coexistence among sovereign states

4. Accepted principle of non-interference

National self determination

The right of a group of people to form their own state and political entity

Diplomatic resolution

resolution using diplomacy

Peaceful coexistence among sovereign state

No war

Accepted principle of non-interference

States are not allowed to interfere with other states even if they believe it to be morally wrong

Mare Liberum

Free seas

UNCLOS 1982

• Codified accepted doctrines of maritime law

• constitution of the sea

• ratified by over 150 countries

ITLOS

the tribunal that settles disputes relating to the laws of the sea

Territorial sea

• 22 km beyond coast

• foreign vessels granted right of innocent passage

Contiguous zone

• 44 km

• Jurisdiction to the state on the oceans floor and surface

Exclusive economic zone

• 370 km

• State has right to economic activities in the zone and have a right to its resources.

High seas

• Ocean owned by no one.

• Activities occuring must be granted by the UN

Conflict between int law and state sovereignty

International law is about everyone being the same and this interferes with states culture and right to self determination

Purpose of the Un Security council

determine the existence of any potential threats to peace or acts of aggression

Effectiveness of the Un security Council

largely effective in maintaining int peace through the promotion of world cooperation and identifying and minimising any potential threat/acts of aggression

Int court of justice purpose

To resolve disputes between sovereign states as neutral third parties and provide legal advice to the UN

Effectiveness of the ICJ

Limited in its effectiveness as state cannot be forced to appear before it or be bound by the rulings but 90% of rulings are implemented at least partially.

United Nations General assembly

Main policy making body of the UN. All member states, to promote peace and cooperation

Effectiveness of the general assembly

Its effectiveness is limited because each goal can only be effective if every countries consents to participate

The purpose of the sixth committee

Debates the rule of law and the peaceful settlement of international disputes.

Effectiveness of the sixth committee

Effective at fulfilling the mandate prescribed under Article 13 of the UN charter

Events that lead to the formation of the UN

WWII ended and a general need for peace and cooperation

why did the league of nations fail?

Didn’t have major countries like the US, USSR, failed to prevent Germany from leaving, lost authority when it didn’t prevent japan from invading china and couldn’t prevent ww2.

Piracy

• Private party and gain

• use of violence or detention

• high seas