Solutions Chapter - Vocabulary Flashcards

Flashcards from Solutions Chapter Study Guide Vocabulary

Aqueous solution

Water samples containing dissolved substances

Solute

The dissolved particles in a solution

Electrolyte

Compounds that conduct electric current in aqueous solution

Nonelectrolyte

Compounds that do not conduct electric current in solution

Solvation

Process that occurs when a solute dissolves

Suspensions

Mixtures from which particles settle on standing

Colloids

Heterogeneous mixtures containing particles intermediate in size between those of suspension and solutions

Tyndall effect

Scattering of visible light by colloidal particles

Brownian motion

Chaotic movement of colloidal particles

Emulsions

Dispersions of liquids in liquids

Emulsifying agent

Substance necessary to the formation and stability of an emulsion

Saturated solution

Solution that contains the maximum amount of solute for a given amount of solvent at a constant temperature

Solubility

The amount of a substance that dissolves in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature

Unsaturated solution

Solution that contains less solute than possible at a given temperature

Miscible

Description of 2 liquids that dissolve in each other.

Immiscible

Description of liquids that do not dissolve in each other

Supersaturated solution

Solution containing more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature

Henry's Law

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid

Concentration

Measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent

Dilute solution

Solution that contains a low concentration of solute

Concentrated solution

Solution that contains high concentration of solute

Molarity

Number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 L of solution

Percent solution

Concentration expressed as volume of solute over volume of solution X 100%

Molality

Number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 Kg of solvent