22/7/2025 - Cam 16 - The white horse of uffington

https://chatgpt.com/share/68835d24-bcb0-8002-8b53-978494c9dd7b

huge

/hjuːdʒ/

extremely large in size or amount

giant, enormous, vast, massive, immense, gigantic, colossal, tremendous

The building is huge. Tòa nhà này rất to lớn.

huge impact, huge success, huge area

Common in Task 1 (describing trends), Task 2 (emphasizing scale or problems)

figure

/ˈfɪɡə(r)/

a person in a painting, drawing, or sculpture

character, image, silhouette, shape, icon, representation, form, persona

The artist painted a mysterious figure. Họa sĩ vẽ một hình người bí ẩn.

historical figure, central figure, key figure

Useful in writing about art, history, culture

geoglyph

/ˈdʒiːəˌɡlɪf/

a large image/design on the ground, visible best from the air

earthwork, land art, ground carving, landscape symbol, large motif, aerial drawing, petroglyph

The Nazca Lines are famous geoglyphs. Đường Nazca là những họa tiết khổng lồ trên mặt đất.

ancient geoglyph, mysterious geoglyph

Useful in describing archaeology or environmental writing

hillside

/ˈhɪlsaɪd/

the side or slope of a hill

slope, incline, hill, upland, gradient, bank, rise, escarpment

Sheep grazed on the hillside. Những con cừu đang gặm cỏ trên sườn đồi.

steep hillside, green hillside

Useful for landscape or environment descriptions in speaking & writing

take place

/teɪk pleɪs/

to happen or occur

happen, occur, transpire, unfold, materialize, develop, arise, proceed

The event will take place tomorrow. Sự kiện sẽ diễn ra vào ngày mai.

take place annually, take place at night

Use in describing events in Task 2 or speaking part 2 (narrating experience)

scatter

/ˈskætə(r)/

to throw things over a wide area in an irregular way

spread, disperse, strew, throw, distribute, toss, sprinkle, broadcast

Leaves scattered on the ground. Lá rải rác khắp mặt đất.

scatter seeds, scatter objects

Useful for describing scenes or actions in writing or listening tasks

majority

/məˈdʒɒrəti/

more than half of a group

most, bulk, mass, preponderance, greater part, lion’s share, dominance, plurality

The majority supported the plan. Phần lớn mọi người ủng hộ kế hoạch này.

clear majority, majority vote, majority opinion

Essential for Task 2 essays when discussing public opinion, surveys, or data interpretation

downland

/ˈdaʊn.lənd/

gently rolling hills, especially in Southern England

upland, moorland, chalk hills, green hill, countryside, rolling plain, ridge, hillscape

We hiked across the downland. Chúng tôi đi bộ xuyên qua vùng đồi thoai thoải.

chalk downland, beautiful downland

Good for Task 1 maps/landscape and Task 2 discussions about geography or environment

county

/ˈkaʊnti/

an area of a state or country with its own local government

district, region, area, province, territory, division, jurisdiction, shire

He lives in Orange County. Anh ấy sống ở quận Orange.

county council, county police, county boundaries

Common in speaking/writing about location, governance, or demographics

cross

/krɒs/

an object or symbol shaped like a cross, often representing Christianity

crucifix, symbol, emblem, sign, token, icon, marker, insignia

She wears a gold cross around her neck. Cô ấy đeo một thánh giá bằng vàng.

Christian cross, red cross, cross symbol

Useful in cultural or religious contexts in speaking or reading

regimental

/ˌredʒɪˈmentl/

relating to a military regiment (a unit of soldiers)

military, army, martial, soldierly, battalion-related, combat, service, corps-related

He wore a regimental uniform. Anh ấy mặc đồng phục thuộc trung đoàn.

regimental badge, regimental pride, regimental colors

Relevant in reading passages on history, military, or uniforms

badge

/bædʒ/

a small item showing membership, rank, or achievement

emblem, pin, insignia, token, mark, symbol, medallion, tag

The nurse wore a name badge. Y tá đeo thẻ tên.

name badge, police badge, ID badge

Useful for describing jobs, uniforms, identification in speaking and listening tasks

mysterious

/mɪˈstɪəriəs/

difficult to understand or explain; strange

strange, odd, weird, bizarre, puzzling, enigmatic, cryptic, unexplained

She disappeared in mysterious circumstances. Cô ấy biến mất trong hoàn cảnh bí ẩn.

mysterious place, mysterious person, mysterious event

Common in Part 2 speaking and Task 2 writing (e.g., describing events, characters

re-date

/ˌriːˈdeɪt/

to change or correct the date of something

reschedule, revise date, adjust time, change timeline, reset, backdate, predate, postdate

Archaeologists had to re-date the tomb. Các nhà khảo cổ phải đổi ngày của ngôi mộ.

re-date the event, re-date the finding

Often used in academic or historical writing; shows ability to use prefixes effectively

previously

/ˈpriːviəsli/

before a particular time or event

before, earlier, formerly, beforehand, in the past, once, already, earlier on

I had previously met her at a conference. Tôi từng gặp cô ấy tại một hội thảo.

previously known, previously mentioned, previously assumed

Great for linking ideas and describing timelines in writing and speaking

assign

/əˈsaɪn/

to give something (a task, value, time) officially or deliberately

allocate, designate, appoint, allot, entrust, commit, schedule, delegate

The teacher assigned homework to the students. Giáo viên giao bài tập về nhà cho học sinh.

assign value, assign a role, assign responsibility

Useful in both Task 1 and Task 2 writing, especially in academic or administrative contexts

ancient

/ˈeɪnʃənt/

very old or from a long time ago

antique, prehistoric, old-fashioned, obsolete, outdated, archaic, timeworn, classical

They discovered ancient ruins. Họ phát hiện ra những tàn tích cổ xưa.

ancient culture, ancient history, ancient temple

Key word in topics about archaeology, history, or cultures

controversial

/ˌkɒntrəˈvɜːʃəl/

causing intense public disagreement or argument

disputed, debated, divisive, hot, sensitive, provocative, contentious, polarizing

It’s a controversial topic in politics. Đó là một chủ đề gây tranh cãi trong chính trị.

controversial issue, controversial plan, highly controversial

Perfect for Task 2 essays—especially those involving debates or conflicting opinions

enigmatic

/ˌenɪɡˈmætɪk/

mysterious and difficult to interpret

puzzling, cryptic, mysterious, obscure, unclear, strange, incomprehensible, ambiguous

The Mona Lisa has an enigmatic smile. Bức tranh Mona Lisa có nụ cười bí ẩn.

enigmatic message, enigmatic figure

Advanced synonym for "mysterious"; useful in high-band speaking/writing

historian

/hɪˈstɔːriən/

a person who studies or writes about history

researcher, scholar, analyst, biographer, antiquarian, chronicler, academic, commentator

Historians believe the artifact is 2,000 years old. Các nhà sử học tin hiện vật có 2.000 năm tuổi.

professional historian, ancient historian

Use when referring to people in the academic/historical field in Task 2 or reading texts

convince

/kənˈvɪns/

to persuade someone to believe or do something

persuade, assure, influence, win over, urge, sway, prompt, talk into

I tried to convince him to join us. Tôi đã cố thuyết phục anh ấy tham gia.

convince someone of, convince someone to do

Essential in argumentative essays or when giving opinions in speaking

artistic

/ɑːˈtɪstɪk/

connected to art or the ability to create art

creative, aesthetic, imaginative, visual, expressive, talented, cultural, design-related

She has artistic talent. Cô ấy có tài năng nghệ thuật.

artistic value, artistic expression, artistic style

Useful in writing/speaking about culture, museums, or describing people

monk

/mʌŋk/

a male member of a religious group who lives in a monastery

brother, friar, cleric, religious, ascetic, hermit, devotee, abbot

The monk spent years in meditation. Vị tu sĩ đã thiền định trong nhiều năm.

Buddhist monk, Catholic monk, senior monk

Appears in reading/listening passages about religion or history

nearby

/ˈnɪəbaɪ/

close in distance

close, near, adjacent, neighboring, local, around, not far, within reach

There’s a restaurant nearby. Có một nhà hàng gần đây.

nearby town, nearby area, located nearby

Great for describing locations in maps (Task 1) or speaking (Part 2 – describe a place)

priory

/ˈpraɪəri/

a religious building where monks or nuns live, smaller than an abbey

monastery, convent, abbey, religious house, cloister, chapter house, retreat, chapel

The ruins of the priory were discovered. Những tàn tích của tu viện nhỏ đã được tìm thấy.

old priory, medieval priory, ruined priory

Useful for describing historical or religious buildings in IELTS writing or reading

method

/ˈmeθəd/

a way of doing something

way, technique, means, approach, procedure, system, style, strategy

This method is effective. Phương pháp này rất hiệu quả.

teaching method, scientific method

Very common in Task 2 writing and speaking when explaining ideas or processes

overlie

/ˌəʊvəˈlaɪ/

to lie or rest on top of something

cover, overlay, cap, top, blanket, mask, override, enshroud

Rocks that overlie the older layer. Đá nằm phủ lên lớp cũ hơn.

overlie the surface, overlie a layer

Academic word useful in scientific, geographic, or geological contexts

reveal

/rɪˈviːl/

to make something known that was secret

show, tell, disclose, expose, uncover, announce, confess, unveil

The report revealed the truth. Báo cáo đã tiết lộ sự thật.

reveal information, reveal identity

Common in writing tasks related to evidence, reporting, or discovery

gleaming

/ˈɡliːmɪŋ/

shiny and clean

shining, glossy, polished, bright, sparkly, lustrous, radiant, glistening

The floor was gleaming. Sàn nhà sáng bóng.

gleaming surface, gleaming eyes

Good for descriptive writing/speaking; adds imagery

scour

/skaʊə(r)/

to clean something very thoroughly

scrub, clean, polish, rub, wash, brush, wipe, cleanse

She scoured the pots and pans. Cô ấy cọ rửa nồi chảo.

scour the area, scour the surface

Useful for describing processes, actions in both general and academic writing

associated

/əˈsəʊsieɪtɪd/

connected or linked

related, connected, linked, tied, affiliated, correlated, corresponding, involved

The symptoms are associated with the disease. Triệu chứng có liên quan đến bệnh.

associated factors, associated risks

Often appears in Task 2 essays about causes or relationships between ideas

fade

/feɪd/

to gradually become less visible or strong

disappear, weaken, dim, dissolve, pale, blur, lessen, dwindle

The colors faded after washing. Màu phai sau khi giặt.

fade away, fade over time

Use when describing change or deterioration over time (Task 1, Part 2 speaking)

bother

/ˈbɒðə(r)/

to make the effort to do something

trouble, care, take effort, disturb, annoy, try, concern, mind

He didn’t bother to reply. Anh ấy không buồn trả lời.

bother to do, don’t bother

Common in informal spoken English; useful in expressing effort or indifference

exactly

/ɪɡˈzæktli/

with complete accuracy

precisely, accurately, correctly, strictly, clearly, sharply, definitely, specifically

That's exactly what I meant. Đó chính xác là điều tôi muốn nói.

exactly the same, not exactly, exactly right

Use to express precision or agreement in speaking/writing

thus

/ðʌs/

as a result or consequence

so, therefore, consequently, hence, accordingly, for this reason, ergo, thereby

It rained, thus the game was canceled. Trời mưa, do đó trận đấu bị hủy.

thus far, and thus, thus causing

Common in formal writing, especially Task 2 to show cause and effect

original

/əˈrɪdʒənl/

existing first or at the beginning

initial, first, earliest, primary, genuine, authentic, prototype, real

The original plan was rejected. Kế hoạch ban đầu bị từ chối.

original idea, original version, original design

Useful in Task 2 or Task 1 (e.g., map comparison: original vs new version)

survive

/səˈvaɪv/

to continue to live or exist after hardship

endure, outlive, remain, persist, exist, recover, overcome, withstand

She survived the accident. Cô ấy đã sống sót sau tai nạn.

survive a disaster, survive war

Common in writing about health, environment, natural disasters

be a testament to something

/ˈtestɪm(ə)nt/

to clearly show proof that something is true or exists

prove, show, demonstrate, indicate, confirm, reflect, reveal, signify

His success is a testament to hard work. Thành công của anh ấy chứng minh cho sự chăm chỉ.

a testament to resilience, a living testament

Advanced expression for Task 2 or high-level speaking to express evidence or value

continuity

/ˌkɒntɪˈnjuːəti/

the state of continuing without interruption

flow, stability, cohesion, progression, steadiness, consistency, permanence, persistence

The continuity of the culture is impressive. Tính liên tục của văn hóa đó rất ấn tượng.

cultural continuity, continuity of care

Great for Task 2 essays on history, tradition, education, or governance

stretch

/stretʃ/

to extend across time or space

extend, span, spread, reach, expand, elongate, lengthen, prolong

The road stretches for miles. Con đường kéo dài hàng dặm.

stretch over time, stretch back to

Useful in describing historical timelines, spatial descriptions in Task 1/2

millennia

/mɪˈleniə/

a period of one thousand years

thousand years, eon, era, age, epoch, ages, long time, centuries

These monuments have stood for millennia. Những công trình này tồn tại hàng nghìn năm.

over the millennia, for millennia

Academic tone; useful for historical, cultural, or scientific topics in IELTS

unique

/juːˈniːk/

unusually good, special or one of a kind

special, distinct, exceptional, one-of-a-kind, incomparable, rare, matchless, individual

She has a unique voice. Cô ấy có giọng nói đặc biệt.

unique style, unique opportunity, unique identity

Use in Part 2 speaking or Task 2 when emphasizing originality or distinctiveness

stylized

/ˈstaɪlaɪzd/

drawn, written or performed in a way that is not realistic but artistic

decorative, abstract, formalized, symbolic, graphic, conventional, exaggerated, refined

The artwork is highly stylized. Tác phẩm nghệ thuật này rất cách điệu.

stylized drawing, stylized form

Useful when describing art, media, or cultural works in Task 2 or Speaking Part 2

representation

/ˌreprɪzenˈteɪʃn/

the act of depicting or showing something or someone

depiction, portrayal, image, presentation, illustration, symbol, figure, description

The painting is a representation of peace. Bức tranh là một hình ảnh tượng trưng cho hòa bình.

accurate representation, symbolic representation

Common in writing when analyzing visuals, arguments, or cultural concepts

sleek

/sliːk/

smooth, shiny, and healthy-looking (often used for hair, fur, or design)

shiny, polished, smooth, glossy, stylish, elegant, streamlined, neat

She has sleek black hair. Cô ấy có mái tóc đen bóng mượt.

sleek design, sleek car, sleek surface

Useful in descriptions in Part 2 speaking or writing (product, animal, fashion)

disjointed

/dɪsˈdʒɔɪntɪd/

lacking clear connection between parts

incoherent, disconnected, uncoordinated, fragmented, confused, jumbled, scattered, chaotic

The report was disjointed and unclear. Bản báo cáo rời rạc và không rõ ràng.

disjointed narrative, disjointed plan

Ideal for critical analysis in writing (e.g., essay structure, argument flow)

beaked

/biːkt/

having a beak or shaped like a beak

bird-like, hooked, pointed, curved, bill-shaped, long-nosed, sharp-nosed, avian

The beaked skull suggests it was a bird. Hộp sọ có mỏ cho thấy đó là một loài chim.

beaked creature, sharp-beaked

Appears in science/biology passages (reading or listening)

elegant

/ˈelɪɡənt/

beautiful in a graceful and stylish way

graceful, refined, stylish, tasteful, sophisticated, classy, charming, polished

She wore an elegant dress. Cô ấy mặc một chiếc váy rất thanh lịch.

elegant solution, elegant design, elegant woman

Use in writing about design, fashion, architecture, or solutions

melt into something

/melt ˈɪntuː/

to gradually blend into surroundings and become less noticeable

blend, merge, vanish, dissolve, fade, integrate, disappear, fuse

The house melted into the landscape. Ngôi nhà hòa vào cảnh quan xung quanh.

melt into the background, melt into silence

Useful for describing settings or natural harmony in writing/speaking

landscape

/ˈlændskeɪp/

the visible features of an area of land, especially its appearance

scenery, view, terrain, environment, countryside, outlook, surroundings, topography

The landscape was breathtaking. Phong cảnh thật ngoạn mục.

natural landscape, rugged landscape, landscape design

Key word in Task 1 maps and Task 2 environment topics

steep

/stiːp/

rising or falling sharply at a high angle

sharp, abrupt, sheer, vertical, inclined, sloped, precipitous, high-pitched

The hill was too steep to climb. Ngọn đồi quá dốc để leo lên.

steep slope, steep climb, steep drop

Use when describing geography, difficulty, or price in Task 1 or Part 2 speaking

track

/træk/

a path or road, especially one that is rough or unpaved

path, trail, road, route, lane, way, passage, corridor

We followed a narrow track through the forest. Chúng tôi đi theo con đường mòn xuyên rừng.

dirt track, railway track, forest track

Common in Part 2 speaking and map descriptions in Task 1

be surrounded by sth

/səˈraʊndɪd/

to have something all around on every side

enclosed, encircled, hemmed in, ringed, bordered, encompassed, wrapped, embraced

The castle is surrounded by mountains. Lâu đài được bao quanh bởi núi non.

surrounded by trees, surrounded by water

Great for describing settings and landscapes in speaking or writing

mound

/maʊnd/

a small pile of earth or stones, like a hill

hill, pile, heap, knoll, embankment, ridge, dune, elevation

A mound of earth covered the tomb. Một gò đất phủ lên ngôi mộ.

burial mound, grassy mound, earth mound

Useful in archaeological or environmental writing contexts

cemetery

/ˈsemətri/

a place where dead people are buried

graveyard, burial ground, memorial park, resting place, churchyard, necropolis, tomb field, plot

The cemetery was quiet and peaceful. Nghĩa trang yên tĩnh và thanh bình.

military cemetery, local cemetery, ancient cemetery

Appears in topics about history, culture, and traditions

well-preserved

/wel prɪˈzɜːvd/

kept in good condition despite being old

maintained, intact, undamaged, protected, conserved, looked-after, sound, original

The ruins are remarkably well-preserved. Tàn tích này được bảo tồn rất tốt.

well-preserved site, well-preserved artifact

Use in historical or cultural descriptions—great for Task 1 and Task 2

carving

/ˈkɑːvɪŋ/

the art or result of cutting shapes into wood, stone etc.

sculpture, engraving, etching, chiseling, relief, modeling, cutout, bas-relief

The temple features stone carvings. Ngôi đền có những họa tiết điêu khắc bằng đá.

wood carving, ancient carving, detailed carving

Useful when discussing history, art, or architecture

close quarters

/kləʊs ˈkwɔːtəz/

in a small space or from a short distance

confined space, proximity, tight space, short range, enclosure, nearby, enclosed space, cramped area

Soldiers fought at close quarters. Những người lính chiến đấu trong khoảng cách gần.

live in close quarters, fight at close quarters

Advanced expression useful for describing conditions or historical settings

appreciate

/əˈpriːʃieɪt/

to recognize the value, quality, or importance of something

value, respect, understand, admire, acknowledge, be grateful for, recognize, cherish

I appreciate your help. Tôi cảm kích sự giúp đỡ của bạn.

fully appreciate, truly appreciate, appreciate the value

High-frequency in both formal writing and speaking (especially expressing opinions or thanks)

valley

/ˈvæli/

a low area between hills or mountains, often with a river

gorge, canyon, dale, hollow, ravine, basin, lowland, glen

The valley is surrounded by high cliffs. Thung lũng được bao quanh bởi các vách đá cao.

fertile valley, river valley, deep valley

Important for landscape description in Task 1 map and Part 2 speaking

adequate

/ˈædɪkwət/

enough or satisfactory in quality or quantity

enough, sufficient, acceptable, ample, appropriate, reasonable, satisfactory, decent

The food supply is adequate for now. Nguồn thực phẩm hiện tại là đủ dùng.

adequate amount, adequate support, adequate resources

Common in writing Task 2 (education, health, infrastructure...) and formal arguments

impression

/ɪmˈpreʃn/

an idea, feeling, or opinion you form about something or someone

opinion, belief, perception, idea, notion, sense, image, assumption

He gave a good impression in the interview. Anh ấy để lại ấn tượng tốt trong buổi phỏng vấn.

first impression, lasting impression, wrong impression

Great for Speaking Part 1 & 2 (e.g., first impressions, people, places)

evidence

/ˈevɪdəns/

facts or signs that show something is true

proof, sign, indication, clue, confirmation, testimony, demonstration, support

There is no evidence of fraud. Không có bằng chứng nào về gian lận.

clear evidence, strong evidence, scientific evidence

Crucial in writing (especially Task 2 arguments), reading, and listening for supporting details

reference

/ˈrefrəns/

mention of someone or something in speech or writing

mention, citation, allusion, remark, note, indication, pointer, quote

He made a reference to your work. Anh ấy có nhắc đến công việc của bạn.

in reference to, make reference, reference point

Common in academic writing; use when referring to sources or related ideas

depiction

/dɪˈpɪkʃn/

the way something is shown or described in art or writing

portrayal, representation, illustration, description, rendering, image, profile, sketch

The film’s depiction of war was realistic. Miêu tả về chiến tranh trong phim rất chân thực.

accurate depiction, visual depiction, artistic depiction

High-level vocabulary—great for describing media, writing, or history in IELTS

base

/beɪs/

the lowest part or foundation of something

foundation, bottom, foot, support, base layer, pedestal, bed, groundwork

The statue stands on a stone base. Tượng đặt trên một đế bằng đá.

base level, solid base, concrete base

Useful for Task 1 writing (graphs, maps) and speaking (buildings, structures)

construction

/kənˈstrʌkʃn/

the process or result of building something

building, creation, assembly, development, fabrication, structure, formation, erection

Construction of the new bridge has started. Việc xây dựng cây cầu mới đã bắt đầu.

construction site, under construction, construction project

Common in writing about infrastructure, environment, urban topics in Task 2 and map descriptions Task 1

tribal

/ˈtraɪbl/

relating to a tribe or tribes

ethnic, indigenous, aboriginal, native, clan-based, traditional, ancestral, cultural

The area is home to several tribal groups. Khu vực này là nơi sinh sống của một số nhóm bộ lạc.

tribal customs, tribal society, tribal identity

Useful in writing/speaking about culture, history, or indigenous communities

emblem

/ˈembləm/

a symbol or image that represents a group, idea, or country

symbol, sign, logo, badge, crest, mark, figure, insignia

The dove is an emblem of peace. Chim bồ câu là biểu tượng của hòa bình.

national emblem, school emblem, company emblem

Great for topics on identity, symbols, nationalism, or branding

inhabitant

/ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/

a person or animal that lives in a particular place

resident, occupant, dweller, citizen, native, local, denizen, settler

The inhabitants of the island are friendly. Cư dân của hòn đảo này rất thân thiện.

island inhabitants, urban inhabitants, local inhabitants

Frequently appears in environment, housing, and geography-related IELTS topics

alternatively

/ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪvli/

used to introduce another option or possibility

instead, or else, otherwise, on the other hand, in contrast, conversely, in turn, as an alternative

You can walk or, alternatively, take a bus. Bạn có thể đi bộ hoặc lựa chọn khác, đi xe buýt.

alternatively use, alternatively consider

Very useful in Task 2 essays when giving contrasting ideas or solutions

researcher

/rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/

someone who studies a subject to discover new information

scientist, academic, scholar, analyst, investigator, examiner, expert, fieldworker

The researchers discovered a new species. Các nhà nghiên cứu phát hiện ra một loài mới.

lead researcher, research team, scientific researcher

Highly relevant in academic writing, Task 2 (science, education, medicine)

goddess

/ˈɡɒdɪs/

a female god or supernatural being

deity, female deity, divine being, immortal, divinity, idol, celestial, holy figure

Athena was the Greek goddess of wisdom. Athena là nữ thần trí tuệ trong thần thoại Hy Lạp.

fertility goddess, goddess of war, ancient goddess

Use in history, religion, and mythology topics, especially in reading/speaking

worship

/ˈwɜːʃɪp/

to show deep respect or love for a god

pray to, adore, venerate, honor, praise, glorify, devote to, revere

They worship at the temple every morning. Họ thờ cúng tại đền mỗi sáng.

worship a god, religious worship, place of worship

Great for culture and religion-related IELTS questions in writing/speaking

protector

/prəˈtektə(r)/

someone or something that defends or shields another

guardian, defender, preserver, shield, bodyguard, caretaker, advocate, keeper

She saw herself as a protector of tradition. Cô ấy xem mình là người bảo vệ truyền thống.

environmental protector, legal protector, divine protector

Use in topics on rights, nature, cultural heritage, and roles

fertility

/fəˈtɪləti/

the ability to produce babies, young animals, or crops

fecundity, reproduction, fruitfulness, richness, productivity, growth, breeding, yield

The soil has high fertility. Đất ở đây rất màu mỡ.

fertility rate, fertility goddess, soil fertility

Important in population, agriculture, and health-related IELTS writing tasks

import

/ɪmˈpɔːt/

to bring something in from another place or introduce something new

bring in, introduce, transport, importate, bring over, transmit, inject, insert

The concept was imported from Europe. Khái niệm này được du nhập từ châu Âu.

import goods, import culture, import idea

Useful when discussing globalization, trade, or cultural influence topics

cult

/kʌlt/

a religious group that is unorthodox or seen as extreme

sect, group, movement, belief system, religious order, following, faction, denomination

The group was labeled as a cult. Nhóm đó bị gọi là một giáo phái.

religious cult, cult leader, cult following

Useful in advanced speaking and reading contexts involving religion or ideology

probably

/ˈprɒbəbli/

used to say that something is likely or expected

maybe, possibly, perhaps, likely, presumably, feasibly, conceivably, it seems

It will probably rain later. Trời có thể sẽ mưa sau.

probably true, probably going to, will probably

Common in speaking (Part 1–3) and writing to express speculation or possibility

ritual

/ˈrɪtʃuəl/

done as a formal ceremony or tradition

ceremony, rite, practice, tradition, observance, custom, act, sacred practice

The dance was part of a religious ritual. Điệu nhảy là một phần của nghi lễ tôn giáo.

religious ritual, daily ritual, ritual behavior

Useful in writing/speaking about culture, religion, or tradition

significance

/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

the importance or meaning of something

importance, value, relevance, weight, meaning, consequence, impact, substance

The event has historical significance. Sự kiện có ý nghĩa lịch sử.

cultural significance, real significance, historical significance

Strong word for Task 2 writing—great to emphasize importance or implications

attest

/əˈtest/

to show, confirm, or provide evidence that something is true

confirm, prove, verify, certify, demonstrate, testify, validate, bear witness

His success attests to his talent. Thành công của anh ấy chứng minh tài năng của mình.

attest to the fact, records attest, clearly attest

Academic tone; great for Task 2 writing or formal opinions

jewellery

/ˈdʒuːəlri/

decorative items like rings or necklaces

ornaments, accessories, gems, adornments, trinkets, precious stones, pieces, embellishments

She wore gold jewellery. Cô ấy đeo trang sức vàng.

gold jewellery, wear jewellery, handmade jewellery

Common in topics about fashion, culture, or history

native

/ˈneɪtɪv/

the place where you were born or naturally belong

home, local, indigenous, original, natural, ethnic, aboriginal, domestic

He returned to his native village. Anh ấy quay về làng quê hương của mình.

native language, native country, native culture

Appears in speaking Part 1 (e.g., where you're from), also in writing about identity or language

mythology

/mɪˈθɒlədʒi/

a collection of ancient traditional stories, especially about gods

legend, folklore, myth, tradition, fable, saga, tale, lore

Greek mythology is full of powerful gods. Thần thoại Hy Lạp đầy những vị thần quyền lực.

Greek mythology, ancient mythology, creation mythology

Useful in reading passages or writing about culture and belief systems

temporary

/ˈtemprəri/

lasting only for a limited time

short-term, brief, momentary, limited, fleeting, passing, provisional, interim

This is just a temporary solution. Đây chỉ là một giải pháp tạm thời.

temporary job, temporary measure, temporary fix

Useful in Task 2 writing—distinguishing between long-term and short-term ideas

gesture

/ˈdʒestʃə(r)/

movement made with the hand or body to express meaning

motion, signal, sign, expression, indication, symbol, act, movement

She made a kind gesture. Cô ấy làm một cử chỉ tốt bụng.

hand gesture, polite gesture, symbolic gesture

Appears in speaking and writing (culture, communication, non-verbal behavior)

glimpse

/ɡlɪmps/

a quick or partial view of something

glance, peek, look, flash, sight, scan, view, flicker

I caught a glimpse of her smile. Tôi thoáng thấy nụ cười của cô ấy.

brief glimpse, quick glimpse, first glimpse

Great for describing moments or first impressions in storytelling/speaking