Physiology of the immune system

What is hematopoesis?

blood cell production

What is the precursor for all hematopoetic cells?

pluripotent hematopoetic stem cell

What are some myeloid cells?

RBC, platelets, granulocytes, and monocytes/macrophages

What are some lymphoid cells?

T- and B- lymphocytes, and plasma cells

What month of gestation begins the production of myeloid cells? And where does that generation occur?

4-5 months, bone marrow

What is the typical adult leukocyte count?

4.5-11 × 10⁹/L

Which primary lymphoid organ produces the myeloid cells and B lymphocytes?

bone marrow

Which primary lymphoid organ produces the T lymphocytes?

thymus

Where is the thymus derived from?

pharyngeal pouches

Where are the very first erythroblasts derived from in gestation?

yolk sac

What is the normal percentage of neutrophils in the peripheral blood?

59%

What is the normal percentage of eosinophils in the peripheral blood?

3%

What is the normal percentage of basophils in the peripheral blood?

0.6%

What is the normal percentage of monocytes in the peripheral blood?

4-6%

What is the normal percentage of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood? And what is the breakdown between B and T cells?

Overall: 34%

T-cells: 70-90%

B-cells: 10-30%

What are the primary lymphoid organs?

Bone marrow and thymus

What are the secondary lymphoid organs?

Lymph nodes, peyers patches, spleen, adenoids, tonsils, blood