Communications- Chapter 10 Principles & Theories of Learning- Learning Styles

T/F: how we learn affects how we deal with new information

true

Cognitive learning styles

• thinking

• problem-solving

• reasoning

• analysis

• more abstract dimensions of reality

Affective learning styles

• intuitive

• concrete

• actual

• hands-on experience

• since of feel reality

learning styles are _____ __ ______ and may vary with the situation, subject matter, teacher

functions of personality

extroverts

prefer group learning

introverts

prefer to listen, then tryout learning

reflective

watch what is happening and think about it

doers

jump right in and try things

sensors

need facts and details

intuitive

prefer the big picture

thinkers

like brief, concise logical info

judgers

like rules to provide structure

percievers

self-monitoring is too structures

short term memory

new information does not even enter the memory unless the person pays attention to it. sensory info stored for only 0.5-3 sec

asking questions is an effective way to gain the learner’s ____

attention

asking questions arouses ____

curiosity

asking questions arouses _____ (not curiosity btw)

interest

asking questions forces the learner to ___ his/her attention

focus

T/F: not all information or stimuli is processed

true

how many items can be retained at any one time

5-9 items

what is the limit on how long information is stored

20-30sec

long term memory

To move new information from working memory to long-term
memory requires the person to organize and integrate (encode) new
information with information previously stored, then retrieve

to help retain meaningful information…

To help retain meaningful information
• Present it in a clear and organized manner
• Relate it to what the individual already knows
• Summarize
• Repeat...............................................................................
• Review
• Use stories, metaphors, illustrations, examples
• Make associations

knowledge networking

The educator needs to know what the learner already knows
to help link new information to already existing information

transfer of learning

implies a person can take knowledge,
skills, attitudes, and abilities learned in one context –remember
them – and apply them effectively in a new situation or in a
dissimilar one

in nutrition education, what Is the best way to teach the learner

how to deal with actual situations they will encounter

active learner

tend to retain and
understand information best by
doing something active with it--
discussing or applying it or
explaining it to others.

reflective learner

prefer to think
about it quietly firs

what kind of learner would say “let’s think through It first” (active/reflective)

reflective

what kind of learner would say “let’s try it out and see how it works” (active/reflective)

active

would an active or reflective learner prefer group work?

active

sensing learner

Tend to like learning facts
• Often like solving problems by
well-established methods and
dislike complications and
surprises
• Tend to be patient with details
and good at memorizing facts and
doing hands-on work

intuitive learner

Often prefer discovering
possibilities and relationships
• Like innovation and dislike
repetition
• May be better at grasping new
concepts and are often more
comfortable with abstractions
and mathematical formulations

do sensing learners or intuitive learners work faster?

intuitive (tend to work faster because they focus on big-picture patterns and possibilities rather than painstakingly processing every detail like sensing learners.)

sequential learner

Tend to gain understanding in
linear steps, with each step
following logically from the
previous one
• Tend to follow logical stepwise
paths in finding solutions

global learner

Tend to learn in large jumps,
absorbing material almost
randomly without seeing
connections, and then suddenly
"getting it."
• May be able to solve complex
problems quickly or put things
together in novel ways once they
have grasped the big picture

how would you structure a lesson for a sequential learner vs a global learner?

For sequential learners, teach step by step in order. For global learners, show the big picture first and let them figure out the details.

visual learner

Remember best what they see--
pictures, diagrams, flow charts,
time lines, films, and
demonstrations

verbal learner

Get more out of words--written
and spoken explanations

T/F: most people are a mix of visual and verbal learning →best way to teach people

true