Nutrition in the Life Stages

Growth

increase in size

Biologic Growth

increase in number of cells

Hyperplasia

inc. number of cells

Hypertrophy

inc. size of cells

Development

growing tissues and organs increase in functions

Cephalocaudal

head toward body then to legs

Proximodistal

central axis to extremities

Maturation

attainment of size, capabilities, characteristics, and hereditary materials with which the organism is endowed

Adaptation

result of body’s accommodation or adjustment to immediate environment

Aging

decline of function of cells, organs, and organisms; begins at conception and ends in death; unknown cause

Infancy (Life cycle)

1st growth spurt; birth weight doubles by 6 months and triples by 1 year

Childhood (Life cycle)

erratic growth; slower growth rate

Adolescence (Life cycle)

2nd growth spurt; hormonal changes and puberty changes

Adulthood (Life cycle)

growth levels off and declines during senescence

Erik Erikson

developed 8 stages in human growth and a basic psychological problem for the crisis the person struggles with at each stage

Infancy (Psychosocial)

Trust vs Mistrust

Toddler

Autonomy vs Shame

Preschool

Initiative vs Guilt

School

Industry vs Inferiority

Adolescence (Psychosocial)

Identity vs Confusion

Young Adult

Intimacy vs Isolation

Middle Adult

Generativity vs Stagnation

Older Adult

Integrity vs Despair