Bio Psych

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21 Terms

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Cartesian Dualism

The philosophical concept by Rene Descartes stating that the mind and brain are separate entities.

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Nature-nurture issue
The debate regarding the relative importance of genetics (nature) and environment (nurture) in shaping behavior.
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Interactionism
The view that genetic and experiential factors interact with each other rather than simply mixing.
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Evolution
The process by which species change over time through natural selection.
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Natural Selection
The principle that organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
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Homologous Structures
Similar structures due to a common evolutionary origin.
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Analogous Structures
Similar structures that serve similar functions but do not share a common evolutionary origin.
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Dichotomous traits
Traits that occur in one form or the other, never in combination.
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Phenotype
Observable traits of an organism that may be influenced by genetics and environment.
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Genotype
The genetic constitution of an organism that contributes to its traits.
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Meiosis
A process of cell division that yields cells with half the number of chromosomes, used in the production of gametes.
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Epigenetics
The study of changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the genetic code itself.
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Mitochondrial DNA
DNA found in mitochondria that is inherited maternally and involved in energy conversion.
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Heritability estimates
Quantitative measures of the contribution of genetics to variation in traits within a population.
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Multiplifier effect
The phenomenon where genetically similar individuals seek out similar environments.
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Fitness
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment.
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Evolutionary Psychology
The study of how evolutionary principles influence human thought, feeling, and behavior.
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Chromosomes
Threadlike structures made of DNA that carry genetic information.
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Alleles
Different versions of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.
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Homozygous
An organism with two identical alleles for a specific trait.
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Heterozygous
An organism with two different alleles for a specific trait.