GROUP 4: WATER AND SANITARY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT, WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS AND OPERATION

When was the Water Code of the Philippines (PD 1067) enacted?

December 31, 1976

Who enacted the Water Code of the Philippines?

President Ferdinand E. Marcos

The law that declares that all waters within the Philippines belong to the State.

Presidential Decree No. 1067

The government agency responsible for issuing water use permits.

National Water Resources Board (NWRB)

The main purpose of the Water Code is to develop, conserve, and regulate water resources for what?

Public welfare and national development

The Water Code aims for rational, equitable, and beneficial use of what resource?

Water

Give the types of water appropriation.

Domestic, Agricultural, Industrial, Power Generation, Municipal and Public Use

List the order of priority in water use.

Domestic, Agricultural, Power Generation, Fisheries, Industrial, Recreational

Unauthorized or illegal use of water may lead to what?

Penalties, suspension, or revocation of permits

The title of PD 856.

Code on Sanitation of the Philippines

The department that has jurisdiction over water supply standards.

Department of Health (DOH)

Who approves the site of water sources before construction?

Secretary of Health or authorized representative

The types of water examinations required by PD 856.

Initial and Periodic Examinations

The required frequency for bacteriological examination of water.

Every six months

The minimum distance from a well where washing or bathing is prohibited.

25 meters

The responsibility for submitting water samples to laboratories belongs to whom?

Operators of water systems

Give examples of protective measures for drinking water.

No bathing or washing near wells, no wells near pollution sources, and no radioactive storage within 25 m

Penalty for violation of the Sanitation Code.

₱1,000 fine or six months imprisonment (or both)

Republic Act 9275 is also known as what?

Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004

When was RA 9275 signed into law?

March 22, 2004

The main goal of RA 9275 is to protect water bodies from pollution caused by what?

Land-based sources

The primary agency enforcing the Clean Water Act.

Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)

The penalty for discharging untreated wastewater.

₱10,000–₱200,000 per day of violation

Freshwater Class AA refers to waters in what type of areas?

Protected and uninhabited watersheds

Freshwater Class A is intended for what purpose?

Public water supply requiring conventional treatment

Freshwater Class B is intended for what?

Primary contact recreation such as swimming

Freshwater Class C is used for what?

Agriculture, irrigation, and livestock

Marine water Class SA is designated for what?

Protected marine parks, reserves, and sanctuaries

Marine water Class SB supports what activity?

Shellfish harvesting and tourism

Marine water Class SC is used for what purpose?

Fish propagation and sustenance fishing

Marine water Class SD is designated for what?

Navigation

WRA stands for what?

Water Resource Assessment

According to WMO/UNESCO, WRA is the determination of what?

Sources, extent, dependability, and quality of water resources

The purpose of WRA is to provide a scientific basis for what?

Water allocation, infrastructure planning, and sustainable development

Key components of WRA include:

Data collection, current availability, trends, sectoral use, and future demand projection

A tool that provides a single score for water quality monitoring.

Water Quality Index (WQI)

A software tool used for WRA by National Hydrological Services.

Dynamic Water Resources Assessment Tool (DWAT)

A Water Supply System is a system that does what?

Treats, stores, and distributes clean and potable water

Three levels of water supply systems are:

Level I (Point Source), Level II (Communal Faucet), Level III (Waterworks)

The main components of a water system include:

Source, treatment, transmission, storage, distribution, auxiliary facilities

Non-Revenue Water (NRW) refers to what?

Produced water not billed due to leakage or theft

The Umiray-Angat Transbasin Project (UATP) supplies what percentage of Metro Manila’s water?

20–30%

The Cordova Desalination Plant produces approximately how much treated water per day?

20–50 million liters

The agency governing water rights and permits.

National Water Resources Board (NWRB)

The agency managing water supply in Metro Manila.

Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS)

The agency ensuring drinking water safety.

Department of Health (DOH)

The law empowering LGUs to manage water locally.

Local Government Code (RA 7160)

Common challenges in water management include:

Fragmented roles, weak enforcement, urbanization, pollution, infrastructure limits

Reason Maynilad was fined by MWSS-Regulatory Office.

Coliform contamination violating PD 856 and RA 9275

The total fine imposed on Maynilad for violations in Caloocan and Imus.

₱2.04 million and ₱3.92 million respectively

What is the main source of water for Metro Manila under MWSS?

Angat Dam

Which city’s water district operates over 50 deep wells and reservoirs?

Baguio Water District (BWD)

What is the primary water source for Davao City Water District (DCWD)?

Talomo-Lipadas Watershed

What city’s water district uses groundwater, surface water, and desalination?

Cebu Metropolitan Water District (MCWD)

What challenge describes unequal rainfall and frequent droughts in some regions?

Water scarcity and uneven distribution

What problem causes major water losses due to leaks and poor maintenance?

Aging and inadequate infrastructure

Which agency is primarily responsible for regulating and managing water resources nationwide?

National Water Resources Board (NWRB)