Active Lifestyles

Types of Intensity Levels

Low, Moderate, Vigorous

Dimensions of physical activity

type, frequency, intensity, duration

Frequency

number of times a person engages in a particular activity within a given time frame

Intensity

Low, Moderate or Vigorous

Based on how much effort is required to engage in an activity or how much energy is expended while performing the activity

Duration

How long a person is engaged in physical activity

Activity Type

Different types of physical activities that people participate in for different reasons:

Lifestyle
Active Aerobic
Active sport and recreation
Flexibility activities
Strength and muscular endurance
Rest or inactivity

Domains of Physical Activity

-Leisure time
-Household/gardening
-Occupational
-Active transport

Leisure time domain

physical activity undertaken during leisure time, not necessarily for the purpose of health or fitness

Household/gardening domain

Activity that occurs at home. E.g. mowing the lawns, washing the dishes, vacuuming/mopping the flaws.

occupational physical activity

landscape, gardening, cycling as a courier and participating in sport at school

active transport domain

Physical activity that results in reaching a destination e.g cycling to work, walking to the shops, walking to class

benefits and influences of Physical Activity

Healthier
Live longer
Reduce the risk of heart disease
Positive mental health and wellbeing

Reasons for initial motivation of Physical Activity

Family Influence
Peers
Schools and Teachers
Modified sports
Cost
Location of facilities
Time available
Media
Ethnicity

Reasons for continuing to do Physical Activity

Excitement
Competition
Team membership
Fitness and Health benefits
Financial Reward

Barriers for Physical Activity

Lack of time due to other commitments
Lack of fun/enjoyment
Lack of self-motivation
Injury/physical and psychological issues
Lack of encouragement or support
Poor coaching
Unsafe physical environment

Intrinsic motivations

Intrinsic rewards are rewards you aim for, as you enjoy them, and bring a sense of belonging and satisfaction:

fitness benefits
competition
excitement

Extrinsic motivations

Extrinsic rewards refers to motivation to do something, either to receive something in return, or to avoid punishment:

earning money
recognition

Lifespan stages and physical activity patterns of each age bracket

Infancy - play-related activities (swimming)

Adolescence (13-18) - decline in activity, especially with females, self esteem main issue: Boys - Soccer, basketball, Girls - Netball, soccer

Young adulthood (18-39) - decrease in activity, specialise in one or two - fitness centres

Middle adulthood (40-59) - PA decreases, balance various roles in society - walking and exercising at fitness centres

Older adulthood (60+) - Life expectancy increasing, more time to be active - varied

Sedentary Behaviour

Activities that require low energy requirements such as watching TV, driving a car or using a computer

Women's historical role in sports, how has it changed

Before:
Less funding, lower prize money, stereotypes, less media

After:
Reversed, but taken time

Types of Lifestyle diseases

Psychological:
Mental Health - Depression
Stress

Physiological:
Type 2 Diabetes
Obesity
Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Hypertension
High Blood Cholestorol

life expectancy

an expected time to live as calculated on the basis of statistical probabilities

mortality

a measure of the number of deaths in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time

morbidity

the relative incidence of a particular disease

youth mortality rate

a measure of death between 18-24

prevalence

the ratio of the number of occurrences of a disease or event to the number of units at risk in the population

incidence

the relative frequency of occurrence of something

DALY's

Disability Adjusted Life Years

a time-based measure that combines years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs) and years of life lost due to time lived in states of less than full health, or years of healthy life lost due to disability (YLDs).

HALE

Health adjusted life-expectancy

extends the concept of life expectancy by considering the time spent living with ill health from disease and injury. It reflects the average length of time a person at a specific age lived in full health.