dental anatomy - bite size lecture / week one

3 function of teeth

facilitate communication (speech)

holding,cutting, grinding food to aid digestion (chewing)

esthetics (appearance)

Anterior teeth consists of what teeth and what do they do

incisors - cutting food

canines - holding and tearing food

posterior teeth consist of what teeth and what do they do

premolars - holding and grinding food

molars - grinding food

in the maxillary and mandibular arch how many incisors are there

4 incisors : 2 central and 2 lateral

in the maxillary and mandibular arch how many canines are there

2

in the maxillary and mandibular arch how many pre molars are there

4

2 first premolars and 2 second premolars

in the maxillary and mandibular arch how many molars are there

6

2 first molars

2 second molars

2 third molars (wisdom teeth)

what are the 6 components of the teeth

crown - enamel

root- cementum

dentin

pulp

alveolus

junctions

enamel covers the ____ of the tooth

crown

enamel is made of ____ % inorganic and _____ % organic material

96

4

enamel is the most _____ and _____ in humans

mineralized

hardest tissue

enamel covers the

anatomic crown

what is the anatomical crown

the part of the tooth covered by enamel

what is the clinical crown

the part of the tooth that is above the gingiva and not necessarily covered with enamel

cementum covers the

root

cememtum is ___% inorganic and ____% organic material

50

50

cememtum covers ____ on the root and does what action

dentin

attaches to bone

dentin is ___% inorganic and ____% organic

70

30

what is the greatest bulk of the tooth

dentin

when is primary dentin formed

during tooth development

when is secondary dentin developed

after tooth eruption

(normal aging process)

what is formed in response to trauma

tertiary or reparative dentin

nourishing, sensory and dentin reparative

pulp

what can you find in the pulp

blood vessels, lymph tissue, nerve tissue, and odontoblasts

alveolus is the

supporting bone structures

what makes up the entire internal cavity of the pulp

pulp chamber (middle) - anatomical crown

pulp canals (bottom) - root

pulp horns (top) - cusps or lobes of teeth

the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) is when what two things meet

cementum on the roots meets the enamel on the crown

Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ) is when what two things join

dentin and enamel

dentinocemental junction (DCJ) is when what two things join

dentin and cementum

line angles are lines formed with

2 tooth surfaces

anterior teeth have how many line angles

8

what are the 8 line angles in anterior teeth

mesiolabial

mesiolingual

distolabial

distoliwngual

labioinsisal

lingualinsisal

mesioinsisal

distal incisal

how many line angles are there on a posterior tooth

8

what are the 8 line angles in posterior teeth

mesial buccal

mesiolingual

distal buccal

distalingual

buck occlusal

lingua occlusal

dysto occlusal

mesio occlusal

what are point angles

a point at which 3 tooth surfaces meet

how many point angles do anterior teeth have and what are they

4

mesiolabioincisal

mesiolingoincisal

distiolabioincisal

distiolinguoincisal

how many point angles do posterior teeth have and what are they

4

mesiobucco occlusal

mesiolingual occlusal

distobucco occlusal

distolingual occlusal

what are the three crown depressions (landmarks)

fossa

grooves

pits

rounded depression found on the lingual of anterior teeth and occlusal of posterior teeth

fossa

lightly depressed lines that mark the junction of two lobes

grooves

small pain point depression

pit

what are the 5 crown elevations (landmarks)

cusps

cingulum

tubercles

mamelons

ridges

conical mass or elevation on the occlusal surface of a posterior tooth or the incisor surface of a canine

cusps

point of calcification forming the lingual lobe and part of the height of contour

cingulum

what is formed by a separate point of calcification

lobes

incisors have how many lobes and what are they

4

mesial

middle

distal

cingulum

rounded or pointed projections found on the crowns of teeth

tubercles (not typical)

rounded extensions of the labial lobes

mamelons

linear and convex elevations on the crowns of teeth named according to their location

ridges

what are the permanent teeth relating primary teeth called

succedaneous teeth

what is mixed dentition

a mouth that has both primary (deciduous) and secondary (permanent)

what numbering system uses a quadrant bracket

palmer system

in the palmer system how are the permanent teeth numbered

with brackets

1- central incisor

8 - third molar

in the palmer system how are the primary teeth labeled

with brackets

A - central incisor

E - molar

what system involves a 2 digit number

FDI

describe the numbers in the FDI system

1st number (quadrant location)

- permanent dentition (1-4)

- primary dentition (5-8)

2nd number (specific tooth in quadrant)

human teeth have how many lobes

4 or more

lobes are separated by

grooves or depressions

anterior teeth are composed of ____ lobes

4

posterior teeth are composed of ____ or _____ lobes

4 or 5

lobes are formed by

a separate point of calcification

name the 4 lobes on the maxillary central incisor

distolabial lobe

middle labial lobe

mesiolabial lobe

lingual lobe

name the 4 lobes on the maxillary first premolar

distobuccal lobe

middle buccal lobe

mesiobuccal lobe

lingual lobe

lobes separated by grooves and depression have how many lobes

5

begins at the tip of the canines and follows the cusp tips of the premolars and molars this curves upward from anterior to posterior

curve of spee

medial lateral curvature of the occlusal plain of posterior teeth, it complements the path of condyles during the movements of the mandible

curve of Wilson

three dimensional curvature of the occlusion plain, a combination of the curve of speed and curve of Wilson. this is concave for the mandible and convex for the maxilla

compensating occlusal curvature

axial positions

tilt of the teeth

what is the crown form in facial or lingual aspect

trapezoidal

what does the crown form look like for anterior teeth, posterior teeth (mandibular) and posterior teeth (maxillary) from the medial or distal aspect

anterior teeth - triangular

posterior teeth (mandibular) rhomboidal

posterior teeth (maxillary) trapezoidal

tooth to tooth contact is highest and lowest where

highest - anterior

lowest - posterior

tooth to tooth contact is centered in the

anterior

tooth to tooth contact has ______ displacement in the posterior

buccal

triangular shaped spaces

interproximal spaces

where are interproximal spaces located

located cervical to the contact area

what is formed from proximal tooth surfaces (mesial and distal) and the alveolar bone

interproximal spaces

interproximal spaces are generally filled by

the gums

diverging proximal spaces located around the contact areas

embrasures

what are the four embrasures per contact

occlusal/incisal

facial

lingual

cervical (gingival)

what functions as a spillway for food and to protect the periodontium (gums)

embrasures

greatest area of contour incisors(occlusion)-cervically

heights of contour

heights of contour are located where

facial, lingual and proximal surfaces

what is critical to the health of the periodontium

contours

symmetrical occlusal embrasures form marginal ridges of similar heights... this is important for

stable occlusion

what is used for effective food flow and proper occlusion

continuity of the central groove of the posterior teeth