Nutrition notes

nutrient

nutrient

a compound that provides a needed function in the body. (ex:

proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, water.)

Macronutrients

the nutrients the body needs in larger amounts (ex

Vitamins Minerals)

what does the word carbohydrate mean?

"hydrated carbon," or carbon with water.

what do proteins are comprised of?

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but they also contain nitrogen.

what do Lipids comprised of?

fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols (cholesterol)

what are some of the dietary sources from lipids?

oils, butter, and egg yolks.

Vitamins

compounds are essential for normal physiologic processes in the body. (ex:vitamins A, C, D, E, and K, choline, and the B vitamins, etc)

Minerals

the elements (think periodic table) that are essential for normal physiologic processes in the body. (Ex: calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chloride, etc)

Calories (Food Energy)

measured in kilocalories (kcals), commonly referred to as calories.

what is the average amount of calories does someone need every day to sustain (or carry out) daily activities?

1500 to 2000 calories

how many glucose and fructose have in High-fructose corn syrup

50% glucose and 50% fructose

Protein

any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids

fiber

indigestible matter (Indigestible means that it survives digestion in the small intestine and reaches the large intestine)

Dietary fiber

type of fiber contains both nondigestible carbohydrates and lignin and is always intrinsic and intact in plants.

Functional fiber

type of fiber contains nondigestible carbohydrates only and can be isolated, extracted, or synthesized.

Total Fiber

Fiber contains both dietary fiber and functional fiber.

Vitamins

organic compounds found in foods and are a necessary part of the biochemical reactions in the body.

Vitamins are either...

fat-soluble or water-soluble.

Water-soluble vitamins...

including the eight B vitamins and vitamin C, are absorbed with water in the gastrointestinal tract.

Minerals in food

inorganic compounds that work with other nutrients to ensure the body functions properly.

A healthy diet includes ...

most of the minerals your body requires, so supplements and processed foods can add potentially toxic levels of minerals.

The most common minerals in the body are...

calcium and phosphorous, both of which are stored in the skeleton and necessary for the hardening of bones.

who is paul wesley?

a really ugly actor from The Vampire Diaries