PART 1. READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY AND SOCIETY (LET REVIEWER)

Zeus Salazar

Advocated the use of Filipino in historical discourse.

Pantayong Pananaw

Filipino point of view in writing history.

Primary Sources

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Direct or firsthand evidence.

Internal Criticism

Analysis of the content of the document.

Limasawa

First mass held in the Philippines.

Butuan

Confused for Limasawa as the venue of the first mass.

Historiography

The study of how history is done, such as how different people perceive past events and how a source's point-of-view impacts its portrayal of the past.

Positivism

History should be based on verifiable data and examined under STERN scrutiny.

Fernand Braudel

Proponent of Annales School of History.

Karl Marx

(Who) History is a struggle of power between social classes.

Friedrich Nietzsche

(Who) Use and abuse of history.

Michale Foucault

Believes that history is based on perspective.

Pedro Patiño

Exposed Katipunan as a secret society aimed to oust Spanish

authorities in the Philippines.

Juan Sebastian Elcano

First person to circumnavigate the globe.

Execution of GOMBURZA

A major factor in the the awakening of nationalism among filipinos.

May 10, 1897

Execution of Bonifacio brothers.

August 23, 1896

Official date of Cry in Pugad Lawin.

Principalia

Filipino middle class during Spanish era.

Illustrados

Filipino intellectuals educated in Europe.

Carlos Maria de la Torre

Most beloved governor general and most liberal governor-general of Spain.

Rafael Esquerdo

Permitted the execution of GomBurZa.

Secularization Movement

The transfer of parishes to the Filipino priest from the Spanish friars was one of the effects of Europe's spreading of liberal ideas.

Fr. Pedro Pelaez

Spearheaded the Secularization Movement in the Philippines.

Mariano Gil

The Priest who learned about the Katipunan and inform the Spanish authority.

Insulares

Spaniards born in the Philippines.

Peninsulares

Highest positions in Spanish government.

Indios

The spanish term for Filipinos, who for the most part held the lowest social status.

Paninilbihan

Servitude of a man wishing to marry a girl during pre-colonial period.

Lazaro Makapagal

Was the one tasked to carry out the decision of the military court to execute the Bonifacio brothers.

The KKK structure

Composed of Kataastaasang Sanggunian, Sangguniang Bayan, Sangguniang Balangay, at Sangguniang Panghukuman.

Roman Basa

2nd Supremo of Katipunan.

Jose Burgos

Lead the Secularization Movement after Pedro Pelaez's demise.

Francisco Zaldua

Implicated and stand witness against GomBurZa in the

Cavity mutiny.

Augustinians

Which religious missionaries first arrived in the Philippines?

Jesuits

Helps us understand the 19th Century Philippines.

Franciscans

Recorded early cultures and the orders work in China.

Estado de las islas Filipinas en 1810 by Thomas de Comyn

Described the colonial economy after the opening of Manila for international trade.

Bigay-suso

Gift to girl's wet nurse

The Triangular Method of Recruitment

Utilized by the KKK, with membership fee from 300 to 30, 000.

Historiography during American Period

Is relatively easier to write but extremely biased towards Filipinos.

Western Style

Dominated the Historiography during the Third Republic with maxim "no document, no history."

Teodoro Agoncillo

He is a pioneered nationalist historiography in the country by highlighting the role of the Filipino reformists and revolutionaries from 1872; "lost history"

Corregidores

Leader of an unpacified areas in the Philippines during Spanish era.

Renato Constantino

He believes that Masses are the primary mover of history.

William Henry Scott and F. Landa Jocano

Used archeological and anthropological evidences to reconstruct indigenous history.

Reynaldo Eleto

In his Book at Revolution offer new interpretation of the Pasyon.

Oral History

Accounts of the past that people pass down by word of mouth. Also considered as "Special Nature" and "Raw Material of Social Memory."

La Liga Filipina

Break into two factions: Katipunan and The Cuerpo De Compromisarios.

Transcriptions of Testimonies

It is needed to process Oral History.

Hegel's Dialectic Concept of History

The idea of F. Marcos Sr. about New Society as Thesis, Edsa Revolution as the Anti Thesis and 5th Republic as Synthesis is a demonstration of ______________.

Annales School of History

Understand history in a larger scale through longer period of time.

Fernand Braudel

Integrates space and time in the study and understanding of history.

Creoles

Mixed race of Filipino-Spanish or Chines-Spanish.

March 22, 1897

When is the first election in the Philippines that happened in Cavite?

Cavite Mutiny

Staged by workers of the Cavite arsenal.

1565

What year did Spain successfully colonized the Philippines?

Historical Negationism/Denialism

Falsification or distortion of historical records.

Acta de Tejeros

a document proclaiming that the results of the election were invalid and illegitimate due to fraud.

Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act

Promised independence on July 4, 1946 after a 10-year (Commonwealth) Period.

Manuel Quezon

Lobbied the Tydings-Mcduffie Law.

Gabaldon Act of 1907

Was passed to established schools in the Philippines.

Narciso Claveria

Spanish surnames and adaptation of new calendar.

Macario Sakay

President of Republika ng Katagalugan and was sentenced to death due to the violation of Brigandage Act of 1902.

Naik military

Establishing a government separate from the one established during the Tejeros Convention.

Semion Ola

Who was the last general to surrender to the Americans?

Manuel Tinio

The youngest general in the revolutionary army.

Las Costumbres de Los Tagalos En Filipinas

A primary source about the religion of the early Filipinos written by Fray Juan de Plasencia.

Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas

Non-religious account for early Philippines penned by Antonio de Morga.

Jones Law

Grants independence to the Philippines as soon as a stable government can be established.

Mariano Alvarez

Leader of Magdiwang Faction.

Alipin

Can become Free if her master impregnated her. Likewise, her children from the said master is free as well.

La Solidaridad

Organ of Propaganda Movement.

Baldomero Aguinaldo

He became the leader of the Magdalo faction.

Payne-Aldrich Tariff Law

Sets qouta for Philippine exports.

Biak-na-Bato Constitution

Was patterned after the Jimaguayo constitution of Cuba.

Emilio Jacinto

Brain of the Katipunan and Adviser to Supremo Bonifacio

Letters of Rizal

For his fellow reformists are primary sources.

External and Internal Criticism

Types of Historical Criticism.

Numismatics

The collection or study of coins and medals or currencies.

Artemio Ricarte

Elected as General in Chief in the Tejeros Convention.

Gobernadorcillo

Tawag ng pinuno sa pamahalaang bayan noong panahon sa Espanyol.

Historical Materialism

Marxist belief that the class divisions of a society determine everything else that matters.

Barangay

Pre-colonial government in the Philippines.

Sedition Law

A law making it a crime to speak against the government.

Anak ng Bayan

Password for Katipon members in KKK.

Teodoro Plata, Ladislaw Diwa, Valentine Diaz, Jose Dizon, and Deodato Arellano

They were with Andres Bonifacio in organizing Katipunan.

Propaganda Movement

Seeks annexation of the Philippines by Spain.

Full-Independence from Spain.

Aim of the Katipunan.

People's varying opinion in the legacy of Edsa People Power Revolution of 1986

Consistent to Michale Foucault idea that history is based on perspective.